原花色素对铁皮石斛花色苷稳定性的影响及其作用机制

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20250272

浙江农业学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (3): 471-480.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20250272

原花色素对铁皮石斛花色苷稳定性的影响及其作用机制

杨晨辰¹^,²(), 陶文扬², 邢建荣², 周万怡², 王梦竹², 李明¹, 杨颖²^,^*(), 赵玉萍¹^,^*()

^1. 淮阴工学院, 江苏淮安 223001
^2. 浙江省农业科学院食品科学研究所, 浙江杭州 310021

收稿日期:2025-04-07 出版日期:2026-03-25 发布日期:2026-04-17
作者简介:杨颖,E-mail: YangYing_sps@163.com
^*赵玉萍,E-mail: zhaoyuping@hyit.edu.cn;
杨晨辰,研究方向为食药同源植物加工。E-mail:chenc_yang@yeah.net
通讯作者: 杨颖,赵玉萍
基金资助:
浙江省“三农九方”科技协作计划项目(2025SNJF011)

Effect of proanthocyanidin on the stability of Dendrobium officinale anthocyanins and its copigmentation mechanism

YANG Chenchen¹^,²(), TAO Wenyang², XING Jianrong², ZHOU Wanyi², WANG Mengzhu², LI Ming¹, YANG Ying²^,^*(), ZHAO Yuping¹^,^*()

^1. Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai’an 223001, Jiangsu, China
^2. Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China

Received:2025-04-07 Published:2026-03-25 Online:2026-04-17
Contact: YANG Ying,ZHAO Yuping

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为提高铁皮石斛花色苷(DOA)的稳定性,本研究采用紫外-可见光谱、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、X射线衍射(XRD)和分子对接技术,研究了不同辅色素对DOA稳定性的影响及其作用机制。结果表明,在相同温度条件下,儿茶素(C)、葡萄籽原花色素(GSPEs)和杨梅叶原花色素(BLPEs)通过使DOA的羟基和芳香环发生峰位偏移,降低了DOA的降解速率常数,进而提升其热稳定性和氧化稳定性。这些辅色素通过氢键和π-π键与DOA发生分子间相互作用,形成稳定的复合物。其中,BLPEs因其多羟基结构与DOA结合能低,可完全包裹花色苷的C环,阻止水分子的亲核攻击,从而更有效地增强DOA的稳定性。本研究揭示了原花色素通过辅色作用增强DOA稳定性的具体效果与机制,为食品加工领域中天然色素的稳定性调控提供了理论依据,并为开发高稳定性花色苷制剂提供了技术支撑。

关键词: 铁皮石斛, 花色苷, 原花色素, 辅色作用, 稳定性

Abstract:

In order to enhance the stability of Dendrobium officinale anthocyanins (DOA), UV-VIS spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and molecular docking techniques were employed to investigate the effects of various copigments on DOA stability and their underlying mechanisms. The results showed that under the same temperature conditions, catechin (C), grape seed proanthocyanidins (GSPEs), and bayberry leaf proanthocyanidins (BLPEs) significantly decreased the degradation rate constant of DOA by inducing the peak shifts of hydroxyl groups and aromatic rings in DOA, thereby improving its thermal and oxidative stability. These copigments interact with DOA via hydrogen bonds and π-π stacking interactions, forming stable complexes. Notably, due to the low binding energy between the polyhydroxyl structure and DOA, BLPEs can fully encapsulate the C-ring of anthocyanins, preventing nucleophilic attacks by water molecules and thus enhancing DOA stability more effectively. This study elucidated the specific effects and mechanisms of proanthocyanidins in stabilizing DOA through copigmentation, providing a theoretical foundation for the regulation of natural pigment stability in food processing and technical support for the development of high-stability anthocyanin preparations.

Key words: Dendrobium officinale, anthocyanins, proanthocyanidins, copigment, stability

中图分类号:

TS264.4

杨晨辰, 陶文扬, 邢建荣, 周万怡, 王梦竹, 李明, 杨颖, 赵玉萍. 原花色素对铁皮石斛花色苷稳定性的影响及其作用机制[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2026, 38(3): 471-480.

YANG Chenchen, TAO Wenyang, XING Jianrong, ZHOU Wanyi, WANG Mengzhu, LI Ming, YANG Ying, ZHAO Yuping. Effect of proanthocyanidin on the stability of Dendrobium officinale anthocyanins and its copigmentation mechanism[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2026, 38(3): 471-480.

图/表 5

参考文献 26

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处理 Treatment	n(DOA)∶n(辅色素) n(DOA)∶n(copigment)	D_λ_,max	ΔD_λ_,max/%	λ_max/nm	Δλ_max/nm
DOA	—	0.233±0.008 d	—	542±0 e	—
DOA-C	1∶40	0.258±0.017 bcd	22.781±0.447 e	544±0 c	2±0 c
	1∶20	0.255±0.016 bcd	20.328±0.298 f	544±1 c	2±1 c
	1∶10	0.249±0.013 bcd	16.306±0.280 h	543±0 d	1±0 d
	1∶1	0.239±0.005 cd	6.894±0.265 i	543±0 d	1±0 d
DOA-GSPEs	1∶40	0.336±0.025 a	61.512±0.488 a	545±0 b	3±0 b
	1∶20	0.266±0.021 bc	28.326±0.313 c	545±1 b	3±1 b
	1∶10	0.249±0.013 bcd	16.087±0.377 h	544±0 c	2±0 c
	1∶1	0.237±0.006 cd	4.807±0.329 j	544±1 c	2±1 c
DOA-BLPEs	1∶40	0.278±0.024 b	35.213±0.311 b	546±0 a	4±0 a
	1∶20	0.265±0.020 bc	27.614±0.294 d	546±0 a	4±0 a
	1∶10	0.253±0.015 bcd	19.262±0.355 g	545±0 b	3±0 b
	1∶1	0.239±0.005 cd	6.670±0.464 i	544±0 c	2±0 c

处理 Treatment	n(DOA)∶n(辅色素) n(DOA)∶n(copigment)	D_λ_,max	ΔD_λ_,max/%	λ_max/nm	Δλ_max/nm
DOA	—	0.233±0.008 d	—	542±0 e	—
DOA-C	1∶40	0.258±0.017 bcd	22.781±0.447 e	544±0 c	2±0 c
	1∶20	0.255±0.016 bcd	20.328±0.298 f	544±1 c	2±1 c
	1∶10	0.249±0.013 bcd	16.306±0.280 h	543±0 d	1±0 d
	1∶1	0.239±0.005 cd	6.894±0.265 i	543±0 d	1±0 d
DOA-GSPEs	1∶40	0.336±0.025 a	61.512±0.488 a	545±0 b	3±0 b
	1∶20	0.266±0.021 bc	28.326±0.313 c	545±1 b	3±1 b
	1∶10	0.249±0.013 bcd	16.087±0.377 h	544±0 c	2±0 c
	1∶1	0.237±0.006 cd	4.807±0.329 j	544±1 c	2±1 c
DOA-BLPEs	1∶40	0.278±0.024 b	35.213±0.311 b	546±0 a	4±0 a
	1∶20	0.265±0.020 bc	27.614±0.294 d	546±0 a	4±0 a
	1∶10	0.253±0.015 bcd	19.262±0.355 g	545±0 b	3±0 b
	1∶1	0.239±0.005 cd	6.670±0.464 i	544±0 c	2±0 c

处理 Treatment	E_a/(kJ·mol^-1)	R²	T/K	K/h^-1	t_1/2/h	ΔH/(kJ·mol^-1)	ΔG/(kJ·mol^-1)	ΔS/(J·mol^-1)
DOA	29.964±1.873 d	0.991	313.15	0.034±0.002 hi	20.39±1.20 fg	27.360±1.873 d	88.108±0.153 m	-193.989±6.009 d
			323.15	0.045±0.003 g	15.40±1.03 ghi	27.277±1.873 d	89.790±0.179 k	-193.447±5.825 d
			333.15	0.061±0.004 e	11.36±0.74 ijk	27.194±1.873 d	91.687±0.182 gh	-193.583±5.650 d
			343.15	0.078±0.005 c	8.89±0.57 ijk	27.111±1.873 d	93.771±0.183 d	-194.260±5.486 d
			353.15	0.098±0.006 a	7.07±0.43 k	27.028±1.873 d	95.848±0.180 a	-194.875±5.329 d
DOA-C	35.713±2.156 c	0.990	313.15	0.018±0.001 lm	38.51±2.14 c	33.109±2.156 c	87.223±0.145 n	-172.805±6.905 c
			323.15	0.024±0.002 jk	28.88±2.41 de	33.026±2.156 c	89.335±0.224 l	-174.249±6.712 c
			333.15	0.037±0.002 h	18.73±1.01 fgh	32.943±2.156 c	91.053±0.150 i	-174.426±6.500 c
			343.15	0.055±0.004 f	12.60±0.92 hijk	32.860±2.156 c	92.737±0.208 f	-174.493±6.325 c
			353.15	0.086±0.005 b	8.06±0.47 jk	32.777±2.156 c	94.180±0.171 c	-173.873±6.135 c
DOA-GSPEs	53.195±2.487 b	0.994	313.15	0.007±0.001 n	99.02±14.15 a	50.591±2.487 b	89.815±0.372 k	-125.255±8.074 b
			323.15	0.014±0.001 m	49.51±3.54 b	50.508±2.487 b	90.808±0.192 ij	-124.710±7.724 b
			333.15	0.026±0.002 jk	26.66±2.05 e	50.425±2.487 b	92.019±0.213 g	-124.849±7.508 b
			343.15	0.047±0.003 g	14.75±0.94 ghij	50.342±2.487 b	93.183±0.182 e	-124.847±7.283 b
			353.15	0.067±0.005 d	10.35±0.77 ijk	50.259±2.487 b	94.932±0.219 b	-126.499±7.093 b
DOA-BLPEs	65.058±3.012 a	0.992	313.15	0.013±0.001 m	53.32±4.10 b	62.454±3.012 a	89.933±0.200 k	-87.747±9.664 a
			323.15	0.021±0.001 kl	33.01±1.57 cd	62.371±3.012 a	90.520±0.128 j	-87.106±9.347 a
			333.15	0.029±0.002 ij	23.90±1.65 ef	62.288±3.012 a	91.450±0.191 h	-87.534±9.085 a
			343.15	0.038±0.003 h	18.24±1.44 fgh	62.205±3.012 a	92.008±0.225 g	-86.852±8.838 a
			353.15	0.049±0.004 g	14.14±1.15 ghij	62.122±3.012 a	93.621±0.240 d	-89.195±8.599 a

处理 Treatment	E_a/(kJ·mol^-1)	R²	T/K	K/h^-1	t_1/2/h	ΔH/(kJ·mol^-1)	ΔG/(kJ·mol^-1)	ΔS/(J·mol^-1)
DOA	29.964±1.873 d	0.991	313.15	0.034±0.002 hi	20.39±1.20 fg	27.360±1.873 d	88.108±0.153 m	-193.989±6.009 d
			323.15	0.045±0.003 g	15.40±1.03 ghi	27.277±1.873 d	89.790±0.179 k	-193.447±5.825 d
			333.15	0.061±0.004 e	11.36±0.74 ijk	27.194±1.873 d	91.687±0.182 gh	-193.583±5.650 d
			343.15	0.078±0.005 c	8.89±0.57 ijk	27.111±1.873 d	93.771±0.183 d	-194.260±5.486 d
			353.15	0.098±0.006 a	7.07±0.43 k	27.028±1.873 d	95.848±0.180 a	-194.875±5.329 d
DOA-C	35.713±2.156 c	0.990	313.15	0.018±0.001 lm	38.51±2.14 c	33.109±2.156 c	87.223±0.145 n	-172.805±6.905 c
			323.15	0.024±0.002 jk	28.88±2.41 de	33.026±2.156 c	89.335±0.224 l	-174.249±6.712 c
			333.15	0.037±0.002 h	18.73±1.01 fgh	32.943±2.156 c	91.053±0.150 i	-174.426±6.500 c
			343.15	0.055±0.004 f	12.60±0.92 hijk	32.860±2.156 c	92.737±0.208 f	-174.493±6.325 c
			353.15	0.086±0.005 b	8.06±0.47 jk	32.777±2.156 c	94.180±0.171 c	-173.873±6.135 c
DOA-GSPEs	53.195±2.487 b	0.994	313.15	0.007±0.001 n	99.02±14.15 a	50.591±2.487 b	89.815±0.372 k	-125.255±8.074 b
			323.15	0.014±0.001 m	49.51±3.54 b	50.508±2.487 b	90.808±0.192 ij	-124.710±7.724 b
			333.15	0.026±0.002 jk	26.66±2.05 e	50.425±2.487 b	92.019±0.213 g	-124.849±7.508 b
			343.15	0.047±0.003 g	14.75±0.94 ghij	50.342±2.487 b	93.183±0.182 e	-124.847±7.283 b
			353.15	0.067±0.005 d	10.35±0.77 ijk	50.259±2.487 b	94.932±0.219 b	-126.499±7.093 b
DOA-BLPEs	65.058±3.012 a	0.992	313.15	0.013±0.001 m	53.32±4.10 b	62.454±3.012 a	89.933±0.200 k	-87.747±9.664 a
			323.15	0.021±0.001 kl	33.01±1.57 cd	62.371±3.012 a	90.520±0.128 j	-87.106±9.347 a
			333.15	0.029±0.002 ij	23.90±1.65 ef	62.288±3.012 a	91.450±0.191 h	-87.534±9.085 a
			343.15	0.038±0.003 h	18.24±1.44 fgh	62.205±3.012 a	92.008±0.225 g	-86.852±8.838 a
			353.15	0.049±0.004 g	14.14±1.15 ghij	62.122±3.012 a	93.621±0.240 d	-89.195±8.599 a

原花色素对铁皮石斛花色苷稳定性的影响及其作用机制

Effect of proanthocyanidin on the stability of Dendrobium officinale anthocyanins and its copigmentation mechanism

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