浙江农业学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (3): 569-578.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20230458
柴荣耀1(), 游雨欣1,2, 邱海萍1, 郭峻宁2, 张震1, 李斌2, 沈升法3, 王艳丽1,*(
)
收稿日期:
2023-04-07
出版日期:
2024-03-25
发布日期:
2024-04-09
作者简介:
柴荣耀(1966—),男,浙江余姚人,学士,副研究员,主要从事植物病理学研究。E-mail: rychai@sina.com
通讯作者:
*王艳丽,E-mail: 基金资助:
CHAI Rongyao1(), YOU Yuxin1,2, QIU Haiping1, GUO Junning2, ZHANG Zhen1, LI Bin2, SHEN Shengfa3, WANG Yanli1,*(
)
Received:
2023-04-07
Online:
2024-03-25
Published:
2024-04-09
摘要:
为优化甘薯种质抗茎腐病鉴定技术,通过分析不同的接种方法和菌液浓度对甘薯种质抗性的影响,建立甘薯抗茎腐病鉴定标准,为甘薯抗病育种奠定基础。利用组培瓶蛭石薯苗擦伤接菌法和最佳接种菌液浓度(1.1×107CFU·mL-1),对最具代表性的6个甘薯品种进行接种鉴定,并与田间抗性品种比较进行验证,室内接种抗性鉴定结果与田间抗性表现基本一致,表明新抗性鉴定技术的鉴定结果具有准确性、可靠性。进一步对65个甘薯材料进行抗病鉴定,发现绝大部分材料表现为感病或中感, 7 份种质(YD7002、DY7082-1、浙紫薯1号、TF1118、DY7032、南薯88和浙紫薯4号)对甘薯茎腐病具有稳定抗性。文章建立了甘薯抗茎腐病的新鉴定技术,鉴定和筛选出对甘薯茎腐病表现稳定抗性的种质,为甘薯抗茎腐病育种提供重要的种质资源,对于甘薯病害防控具有重要意义。
中图分类号:
柴荣耀, 游雨欣, 邱海萍, 郭峻宁, 张震, 李斌, 沈升法, 王艳丽. 甘薯抗茎腐病鉴定技术的建立及种质资源抗性分析[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2024, 36(3): 569-578.
CHAI Rongyao, YOU Yuxin, QIU Haiping, GUO Junning, ZHANG Zhen, LI Bin, SHEN Shengfa, WANG Yanli. Establishment of sweet potato stem rot resistance identification technology and analysis of germplasm resource resistance[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2024, 36(3): 569-578.
病情病级 Disease level | 各病级对应症状 Corresponding symptoms for each disease level | 抗性水平 Resistance level |
---|---|---|
0 | 接种处无明显症状,植物生长正常 Inoculation site showed no apparent symptoms, and plant growth was normal | 高抗 Highly resistant(HR) |
1 | 接种处轻微变褐色,但茎仍坚挺,植株生长正常 Inoculation site exhibited slight browning, but the stem remained firm, and plant growth was normal | 抗病 Resistant(R) |
3 | 接种处形成褐色病斑,病斑未绕茎,未上下扩展,根系正常生长 Inoculation site developed brown lesions without encircling the stem or expanding upwards or downwards, and the root system grew normally | 中抗 Moderately resistant (MR) |
5 | 接种处形成水渍状病斑,病斑绕茎,上下扩展,根系生长异常,植株易在接种处折断 Inoculation site developed water-soaked lesions, encircling the stem and expanding upwards and downwards, with abnormal root growth, and plants were prone to breakage at the inoculation site | 中感 Moderately susceptible (MS) |
7 | 接种处黑褐色腐烂,上下扩展,全株萎蔫 Inoculation site exhibited black-brown rot, expanding upwards and downwards, resulting in complete wilting of the entire plant | 感病 Susceptible(S) |
9 | 接种处24 h后黑褐色腐烂上下扩展,全株水渍状腐烂 Inoculation site showed black-brown rot expanding both upwards and downwards 24 h post- inoculation, resulting in water-soaked rot throughout the entire plant | 高感 Highly susceptible (HS) |
表1 甘薯茎腐病薯苗接种病情分级标准
Table 1 Grading criteria for inoculation of sweet potato stem rot seedlings
病情病级 Disease level | 各病级对应症状 Corresponding symptoms for each disease level | 抗性水平 Resistance level |
---|---|---|
0 | 接种处无明显症状,植物生长正常 Inoculation site showed no apparent symptoms, and plant growth was normal | 高抗 Highly resistant(HR) |
1 | 接种处轻微变褐色,但茎仍坚挺,植株生长正常 Inoculation site exhibited slight browning, but the stem remained firm, and plant growth was normal | 抗病 Resistant(R) |
3 | 接种处形成褐色病斑,病斑未绕茎,未上下扩展,根系正常生长 Inoculation site developed brown lesions without encircling the stem or expanding upwards or downwards, and the root system grew normally | 中抗 Moderately resistant (MR) |
5 | 接种处形成水渍状病斑,病斑绕茎,上下扩展,根系生长异常,植株易在接种处折断 Inoculation site developed water-soaked lesions, encircling the stem and expanding upwards and downwards, with abnormal root growth, and plants were prone to breakage at the inoculation site | 中感 Moderately susceptible (MS) |
7 | 接种处黑褐色腐烂,上下扩展,全株萎蔫 Inoculation site exhibited black-brown rot, expanding upwards and downwards, resulting in complete wilting of the entire plant | 感病 Susceptible(S) |
9 | 接种处24 h后黑褐色腐烂上下扩展,全株水渍状腐烂 Inoculation site showed black-brown rot expanding both upwards and downwards 24 h post- inoculation, resulting in water-soaked rot throughout the entire plant | 高感 Highly susceptible (HS) |
病情指数Disease index | 抗性评价Resistance evaluation |
---|---|
DI≤5 | 抗病Resistant(R) |
5<DI ≤ 20 | 中抗Moderately resistant(MR) |
20<DI ≤ 50 | 中感Moderately susceptible(MS) |
50<DI ≤ 100 | 感病Susceptible(S) |
表2 甘薯茎腐病抗病性评价标准
Table 2 Evaluation criteria for resistance to stem rot of sweet potato
病情指数Disease index | 抗性评价Resistance evaluation |
---|---|
DI≤5 | 抗病Resistant(R) |
5<DI ≤ 20 | 中抗Moderately resistant(MR) |
20<DI ≤ 50 | 中感Moderately susceptible(MS) |
50<DI ≤ 100 | 感病Susceptible(S) |
接种方法 Inoculation method | 发病情况 Disease occurrence | 方法优缺点 Advantages and disadvantages of the method |
---|---|---|
试管菌液插苗法 Tube inoculation method | 发病显症快,全部发病 Rapid symptom development,all plants showing disease symptoms | 发病率高过于严重,无法区分品种抗性 High disease incidence, unable to differentiate resistance levels among varieties |
组培瓶蛭石菌液浸苗扦插法 Bacterial solution soaking and seedling cutting method in tissue culture bottles with vermiculite | 显症快,发病严重 Rapid symptom development, severe disease incidence | 发病率高,但过于严重,无法区分 High disease incidence, but too severe to differentiate |
组培瓶蛭石薯苗针刺法 Acupuncture method of seedling in tissue culture bottles with vermiculite | 发病严重 Severe disease incidence | 发病严重但不稳定 Severe disease incidence but unstable |
水泥槽蛭石拌菌移栽法 Cement trough with vermiculite inoculation and transplantation method | 一星期后返青成活,零星发病 Recovery and sporadic disease occurrence after one week | 发病率低,条件不易控制,不可行 Low disease incidence, difficult to control, not feasible |
组培瓶蛭石扦插灌根法 Cutting and root irrigation method in tissue culture bottles with vermiculite | 发病缓慢,零星发病 Slow disease development, sporadic disease occurrence | 时间周期长且发病率低 Long time period and low disease incidence |
盆栽土壤扦插接菌法 Potting soil inoculation method | 一星期后返青成活,零星发病 Recovery and sporadic disease occurrence after one week. | 发病率低,不可行 Low disease incidence, not feasible |
组培瓶蛭石薯苗擦伤接菌法 Scratch inoculation method of seedlings in tissue culture bottles with vermiculite | 显症与田间茎腐病相似,处理间 发病较为一致 Similar symptoms to field stem rot, consistent disease progression, suitable disease incidence | 病势进展适宜,发病率一致,条件易控制,是最可行的方法 Conditions are easily controlled, making it the most feasible method |
表3 甘薯茎腐病不同接种方法效果比较
Table 3 Comparison of the effectiveness of different inoculation methods for sweet potato stem rot
接种方法 Inoculation method | 发病情况 Disease occurrence | 方法优缺点 Advantages and disadvantages of the method |
---|---|---|
试管菌液插苗法 Tube inoculation method | 发病显症快,全部发病 Rapid symptom development,all plants showing disease symptoms | 发病率高过于严重,无法区分品种抗性 High disease incidence, unable to differentiate resistance levels among varieties |
组培瓶蛭石菌液浸苗扦插法 Bacterial solution soaking and seedling cutting method in tissue culture bottles with vermiculite | 显症快,发病严重 Rapid symptom development, severe disease incidence | 发病率高,但过于严重,无法区分 High disease incidence, but too severe to differentiate |
组培瓶蛭石薯苗针刺法 Acupuncture method of seedling in tissue culture bottles with vermiculite | 发病严重 Severe disease incidence | 发病严重但不稳定 Severe disease incidence but unstable |
水泥槽蛭石拌菌移栽法 Cement trough with vermiculite inoculation and transplantation method | 一星期后返青成活,零星发病 Recovery and sporadic disease occurrence after one week | 发病率低,条件不易控制,不可行 Low disease incidence, difficult to control, not feasible |
组培瓶蛭石扦插灌根法 Cutting and root irrigation method in tissue culture bottles with vermiculite | 发病缓慢,零星发病 Slow disease development, sporadic disease occurrence | 时间周期长且发病率低 Long time period and low disease incidence |
盆栽土壤扦插接菌法 Potting soil inoculation method | 一星期后返青成活,零星发病 Recovery and sporadic disease occurrence after one week. | 发病率低,不可行 Low disease incidence, not feasible |
组培瓶蛭石薯苗擦伤接菌法 Scratch inoculation method of seedlings in tissue culture bottles with vermiculite | 显症与田间茎腐病相似,处理间 发病较为一致 Similar symptoms to field stem rot, consistent disease progression, suitable disease incidence | 病势进展适宜,发病率一致,条件易控制,是最可行的方法 Conditions are easily controlled, making it the most feasible method |
图2 不同接种方法的薯苗发病情况 A,试管菌液插苗法;B,盆栽土壤扦插接菌法;C,组培瓶蛭石薯苗擦伤接菌法。
Fig.2 Morbidity of potato seedlings by different inoculation methods A, Tube innoculation method; B, Potting soil inoculation method; C, Scratch innoculation method of seedlings in tissue culture bottles with vermiculite.
图4 甘薯品种室内抗茎腐病鉴定结果与田间抗性品比的验证
Fig.4 Validation of the results of indoor identification of sweet potato varieties for resistance to stem rot with field resistance ratios
编号 No. | 品种/种质 Variety/Germplasm | 病情指数 Disease index | 编号 No. | 品种/种质 Variety/Germplasm | 病情指数 Disease index |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | YD7002 | 0.90 | 34 | 广薯87 Guangshu 87 | 27.90 |
2 | DY7082-1 | 0.90 | 35 | BN7006 | 27.90 |
3 | 浙紫薯1号Zhezi No.1 | 1.00 | 36 | 胜利百号Shengli | 28.80 |
4 | TF1118 | 1.80 | 37 | 浙薯77 Zheshu 77 | 31.50 |
5 | DY7032 | 2.70 | 38 | JF7020 | 32.40 |
6 | 南薯88 Nanshu 88 | 3.60 | 39 | BN7051 | 32.40 |
7 | 浙紫薯4号Zhezi No.4 | 4.50 | 40 | 浙薯13 Zheshu 13 | 33.30 |
8 | FM11 | 6.30 | 41 | 浙紫薯2号Zhezi No.2 | 33.30 |
9 | 渝薯17 Yushu 17 | 8.10 | 42 | VP7002 | 33.30 |
10 | FM42 | 8.10 | 43 | 浙薯259 Zheshu 259 | 34.20 |
11 | 浙薯38 Zheshu 38 | 9.00 | 44 | 心香Xinxiang | 34.20 |
12 | 徐薯22 Xushu 22 | 11.70 | 45 | 徐薯18 Xushu 18 | 36.00 |
13 | DF7006 | 12.60 | 46 | 浙773 Zhe 773 | 37.80 |
14 | JK-1 | 13.50 | 47 | CD4198 | 41.40 |
15 | 71847 | 14.40 | 48 | DY7031 | 45.90 |
16 | 浙紫薯6号Zhezi No.6 | 18.00 | 49 | C42 | 48.00 |
17 | 浙薯48 Zheshu 48 | 18.00 | 50 | 红牡丹Hongmudan | 49.50 |
18 | 宁紫薯1号Ningzi No.1 | 18.90 | 51 | DF7001 | 50.40 |
19 | 莫东Modong | 18.90 | 52 | 浙薯132 Zheshu 132 | 51.30 |
20 | 浙紫薯5号Zhezi No.5 | 20.70 | 53 | DY7159 | 54.00 |
21 | 浙薯2号Zheshu No.2 | 20.70 | 54 | 浙薯21 Zheshu 21 | 57.60 |
22 | 浙薯33 Zheshu 33 | 21.60 | 55 | FM39 | 59.00 |
23 | 浙薯20 Zheshu 20 | 21.60 | 56 | AY3089 | 59.40 |
24 | DY7180 | 21.60 | 57 | 浙薯6025 Zheshu 6025 | 60.30 |
25 | YD7001 | 23.40 | 58 | BN7003 | 62.10 |
26 | DY7207 | 24.30 | 59 | NB7002 | 63.00 |
27 | 浙菜薯726 Zhecai 726 | 25.20 | 60 | DY7109 | 64.80 |
28 | 4-17 | 25.20 | 61 | 六十工Liushigong | 69.30 |
29 | 贵州红心Hongxin | 26.10 | 62 | DY7190 | 69.30 |
30 | DW7028 | 26.10 | 63 | DW7001-2 | 70.20 |
31 | 浙紫薯3号Zhezi No.3 | 27.00 | 64 | YD7014 | 72.00 |
32 | QZ 2-2 | 27.00 | 65 | 浙薯26 Zheshu 26 | 77.40 |
33 | 浙薯70 Zheshu 70 | 27.90 |
表4 甘薯品种资源对茎腐病抗性鉴定结果
Table 4 Results of the identification of sweet potato variety resources for resistance to stem rot
编号 No. | 品种/种质 Variety/Germplasm | 病情指数 Disease index | 编号 No. | 品种/种质 Variety/Germplasm | 病情指数 Disease index |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | YD7002 | 0.90 | 34 | 广薯87 Guangshu 87 | 27.90 |
2 | DY7082-1 | 0.90 | 35 | BN7006 | 27.90 |
3 | 浙紫薯1号Zhezi No.1 | 1.00 | 36 | 胜利百号Shengli | 28.80 |
4 | TF1118 | 1.80 | 37 | 浙薯77 Zheshu 77 | 31.50 |
5 | DY7032 | 2.70 | 38 | JF7020 | 32.40 |
6 | 南薯88 Nanshu 88 | 3.60 | 39 | BN7051 | 32.40 |
7 | 浙紫薯4号Zhezi No.4 | 4.50 | 40 | 浙薯13 Zheshu 13 | 33.30 |
8 | FM11 | 6.30 | 41 | 浙紫薯2号Zhezi No.2 | 33.30 |
9 | 渝薯17 Yushu 17 | 8.10 | 42 | VP7002 | 33.30 |
10 | FM42 | 8.10 | 43 | 浙薯259 Zheshu 259 | 34.20 |
11 | 浙薯38 Zheshu 38 | 9.00 | 44 | 心香Xinxiang | 34.20 |
12 | 徐薯22 Xushu 22 | 11.70 | 45 | 徐薯18 Xushu 18 | 36.00 |
13 | DF7006 | 12.60 | 46 | 浙773 Zhe 773 | 37.80 |
14 | JK-1 | 13.50 | 47 | CD4198 | 41.40 |
15 | 71847 | 14.40 | 48 | DY7031 | 45.90 |
16 | 浙紫薯6号Zhezi No.6 | 18.00 | 49 | C42 | 48.00 |
17 | 浙薯48 Zheshu 48 | 18.00 | 50 | 红牡丹Hongmudan | 49.50 |
18 | 宁紫薯1号Ningzi No.1 | 18.90 | 51 | DF7001 | 50.40 |
19 | 莫东Modong | 18.90 | 52 | 浙薯132 Zheshu 132 | 51.30 |
20 | 浙紫薯5号Zhezi No.5 | 20.70 | 53 | DY7159 | 54.00 |
21 | 浙薯2号Zheshu No.2 | 20.70 | 54 | 浙薯21 Zheshu 21 | 57.60 |
22 | 浙薯33 Zheshu 33 | 21.60 | 55 | FM39 | 59.00 |
23 | 浙薯20 Zheshu 20 | 21.60 | 56 | AY3089 | 59.40 |
24 | DY7180 | 21.60 | 57 | 浙薯6025 Zheshu 6025 | 60.30 |
25 | YD7001 | 23.40 | 58 | BN7003 | 62.10 |
26 | DY7207 | 24.30 | 59 | NB7002 | 63.00 |
27 | 浙菜薯726 Zhecai 726 | 25.20 | 60 | DY7109 | 64.80 |
28 | 4-17 | 25.20 | 61 | 六十工Liushigong | 69.30 |
29 | 贵州红心Hongxin | 26.10 | 62 | DY7190 | 69.30 |
30 | DW7028 | 26.10 | 63 | DW7001-2 | 70.20 |
31 | 浙紫薯3号Zhezi No.3 | 27.00 | 64 | YD7014 | 72.00 |
32 | QZ 2-2 | 27.00 | 65 | 浙薯26 Zheshu 26 | 77.40 |
33 | 浙薯70 Zheshu 70 | 27.90 |
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