不同原料生物炭与无机钝化剂配施对小白菜地上部镉积累和土壤镉钝化的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20230659

浙江农业学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (3): 613-621.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20230659

不同原料生物炭与无机钝化剂配施对小白菜地上部镉积累和土壤镉钝化的影响

俞朝¹(), 王音予², 刘奇珍², 王芸³, 沈泓³, 冯英²^,^*()

1.嵊州市畜牧业发展中心,浙江嵊州 310024
2.浙江大学环境与资源学院,污染环境修复与生态健康教育部重点实验室,浙江杭州 310058
3.东阳市种植业技术推广中心(东阳市植保植检站),浙江东阳 322103

收稿日期:2023-05-18 出版日期:2024-03-25 发布日期:2024-04-09
作者简介:俞朝(1973—),男,浙江嵊州人,学士,高级农艺师,主要从事农业技术推广工作。E-mail: 33406041@qq.com
通讯作者: *冯英,E-mail: yfeng@zju.edu.cn
基金资助:
浙江省重点研发计划课题(2023C02002-1);国家重点研发计划课题(2023YFD1902905)

Effects of application of biochar from different raw materials combined with inorganic amendments on cadmium accumulation in pakchoi shoots and soil cadmium inactivation

YU Chao¹(), WANG Yinyu², LIU Qizhen², WANG Yun³, SHEN Hong³, FENG Ying²^,^*()

1. Livestock Industrial Development Center of Shengzhou, Shengzhou 310024, Zhejiang, China
2. Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
3. Planting Technology Extension Center of Dongyang (Plant Protection and Inspection Station of Dongyang), Dongyang 322103, Zhejiang, China

Received:2023-05-18 Online:2024-03-25 Published:2024-04-09

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

生物炭是量大价廉的土壤重金属钝化材料。为探明不同原料生物炭与石灰-沸石复配对土壤镉钝化与作物可食部镉含量的影响,用7种量大易得的农业废弃物制备生物炭,并采用南方典型镉中度污染温室菜地土壤进行小白菜盆栽试验。结果显示,7种生物炭的微观结构和基本理化性质存在显著(P<0.05)差异,但与无机钝化剂复配后有助于提高土壤pH值、有机质含量、电导率、阳离子交换量、碱解氮含量、速效钾含量和有效磷含量,降低土壤有效态Cd含量,且均较不施用钝化剂的空白对照显著提高了小白菜的地上部干重,促进了小白菜生长,显著降低了小白菜的地上部镉含量和镉转运系数。与单施无机钝化剂相比,配施生物炭在改善土壤理化性质、促进作物生长、降低可食部镉含量等方面效果更好。

关键词: 叶菜类蔬菜, 重金属, 有机无机复合钝化剂, 生物炭, 转运系数

Abstract:

Biochar is a cost-effective material for soil heavy metal inactivation. To investigate the effects of application of biochar from different raw materials combined with zeolite-lime on soil cadmium (Cd) inactivation and Cd content in the edible part of crop, biochar was prepared from 7 easily obtained and large amount agricultural wastes, and a pot experiment using the typical greenhouse vegetable soil with moderate Cd pollution in southern China was conducted in this study. It was found that there were significant (P<0.05) differences in the microstructure and basic physicochemical properties among the 7 kinds of biochar. The combination of biochar with inorganic agents could increase soil pH, organic matter content, electrical conductivity, cation exchange capacity, hydrolysable nitrogen content, available potassium content and available phosphorus content, reduce soil available Cd content, and significantly increase the shoot dry weight of pakchoi compared than the blank control without application of passivators, promote crop growth, and significantly decrease Cd content in shoot and Cd translocation factor. Compared to applying inorganic deactivators alone, application of biochar combined with inorganic amendments had better effects on improving soil physicochemical properties, promoting crop growth, and reducing Cd content in the edible part.

Key words: leaf vegetable, heavy metal, organic combined inorganic deactivator, biochar, translocation factor

中图分类号:

S634.3
S156

俞朝, 王音予, 刘奇珍, 王芸, 沈泓, 冯英. 不同原料生物炭与无机钝化剂配施对小白菜地上部镉积累和土壤镉钝化的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2024, 36(3): 613-621.

YU Chao, WANG Yinyu, LIU Qizhen, WANG Yun, SHEN Hong, FENG Ying. Effects of application of biochar from different raw materials combined with inorganic amendments on cadmium accumulation in pakchoi shoots and soil cadmium inactivation[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2024, 36(3): 613-621.

图/表 7

参考文献 22

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材料 Material	pH	EC/ (μC·cm^-1)	CEC/ (cmol·kg^-1)	OM/ (g·kg^-1)	AN/ (mg·kg^-1)	AP/ (mg·kg^-1)	AK/ (mg·kg^-1)	DTPA-Cd/ (mg·kg^-1)	TCd/ (mg·kg^-1)
土壤Soil	5.70	1 199	9.25	27.50	261.10	99.79	155.00	0.40	0.88
石灰Lime	12.18	7 800	—	—	—	—	145.00	—	0.07
沸石Zeolite	9.81	165	10.55	—	—	—	735.00	—	0.02

材料 Material	pH	EC/ (μC·cm^-1)	CEC/ (cmol·kg^-1)	OM/ (g·kg^-1)	AN/ (mg·kg^-1)	AP/ (mg·kg^-1)	AK/ (mg·kg^-1)	DTPA-Cd/ (mg·kg^-1)	TCd/ (mg·kg^-1)
土壤Soil	5.70	1 199	9.25	27.50	261.10	99.79	155.00	0.40	0.88
石灰Lime	12.18	7 800	—	—	—	—	145.00	—	0.07
沸石Zeolite	9.81	165	10.55	—	—	—	735.00	—	0.02

原料 Raw material	pH	碳含量 Carbon content/%	EC/ (dS· cm^-1)	CEC/ (cmol· kg^-1)	碱解氮含量 Hydrolysable nitrogen content/ (mg·kg^-1)	速效钾含量 Available potassium content/ (g·kg^-1)	有效磷含量 Available phosphorus content/(mg·kg^-1)	总Cd含量 Total Cd content/ (mg·kg^-1)
稻壳Rice husk	10.00± 0.11	32.9±1.2	1.05± 0.07	33.5 ± 3.5	4.90 ± 1.03	0.943±0.043	128.0±18.1	0.22±0.02
猪粪Pig manure	9.71± 0.12	70.9±5.6	1.97 ± 0.03	40.8 ± 2.0	35.70± 5.70	0.963±0.013	267.0±16.6	0.14±0.03
污泥Sludge	7.44± 0.09	26.9±3.4	8.02± 0.01	22.4 ± 1.4	217.00± 17.00	0.135± 0.001	23.6±1.3	0.25±0.08
玉米秸秆Corn straw	8.72± 0.04	87.2±4.2	2.93± 0.13	34.9 ± 0.9	29.40±4.42	1.470±0.181	476.0±15.7	0.28±0.03
木屑Woodchips	10.30± 0.11	90.4+3.8	1.38 ± 0.05	26.7 ± 3.8	9.10± 1.23	0.658 ±0.575	10.9±0.5	0.32±0.01
菖蒲Acorus calamus	8.71± 0.14	55.9±0.5	1.50± 0.08	31.8 ± 2.6	—	2.070± 0.215	109.0±13.2	0.14±0.01
竹屑Bamboo shavings	9.70± 0.12	81.8±2.6	9.22± 0.11	35.4 ± 1.9	—	1.630± 0.127	41.9±5.4	0.18±0.02

原料 Raw material	pH	碳含量 Carbon content/%	EC/ (dS· cm^-1)	CEC/ (cmol· kg^-1)	碱解氮含量 Hydrolysable nitrogen content/ (mg·kg^-1)	速效钾含量 Available potassium content/ (g·kg^-1)	有效磷含量 Available phosphorus content/(mg·kg^-1)	总Cd含量 Total Cd content/ (mg·kg^-1)
稻壳Rice husk	10.00± 0.11	32.9±1.2	1.05± 0.07	33.5 ± 3.5	4.90 ± 1.03	0.943±0.043	128.0±18.1	0.22±0.02
猪粪Pig manure	9.71± 0.12	70.9±5.6	1.97 ± 0.03	40.8 ± 2.0	35.70± 5.70	0.963±0.013	267.0±16.6	0.14±0.03
污泥Sludge	7.44± 0.09	26.9±3.4	8.02± 0.01	22.4 ± 1.4	217.00± 17.00	0.135± 0.001	23.6±1.3	0.25±0.08
玉米秸秆Corn straw	8.72± 0.04	87.2±4.2	2.93± 0.13	34.9 ± 0.9	29.40±4.42	1.470±0.181	476.0±15.7	0.28±0.03
木屑Woodchips	10.30± 0.11	90.4+3.8	1.38 ± 0.05	26.7 ± 3.8	9.10± 1.23	0.658 ±0.575	10.9±0.5	0.32±0.01
菖蒲Acorus calamus	8.71± 0.14	55.9±0.5	1.50± 0.08	31.8 ± 2.6	—	2.070± 0.215	109.0±13.2	0.14±0.01
竹屑Bamboo shavings	9.70± 0.12	81.8±2.6	9.22± 0.11	35.4 ± 1.9	—	1.630± 0.127	41.9±5.4	0.18±0.02

处理 Treatments	pH	EC/ (μS· cm^-1)	CEC/ (cmol· kg^-1)	有机质含量 Organic matter content/ (g·kg^-1)	碱解氮含量 Hydrolysable nitrogen content/ (mg·kg^-1)	速效钾含量 Available potassium content/ (mg·kg^-1)	有效磷含量 Available phosphorus content/(mg·kg^-1)
CK	5.79±0.14 f	858.07±42.04 e	8.87±0.32 c	27.71±1.25 c	144.03±5.39 f	137.67±5.69 f	135.90±3.52 f
SF	6.96±0.08 e	892.67±5.13 de	9.95±0.12 b	26.91±2.20 c	152.60±3.29 e	159.67±4.16 de	144.67±5.39 e
ZF	7.59±0.08 ab	1 217.33±51.43 a	10.58+0.63 a	27.56±1.68 c	177.33±2.14 b	226.67±4.51 a	184.69±1.75 a
DGK	7.51±0.11 abc	975.77±60.83 cd	10.16±0.19 ab	27.52±0.48 c	170.27±2.05 c	158.33±3.51 e	150.48±5.11 de
YM	7.29±0.06 d	1 113.83±83.36 ab	9.86±0.03 b	29.10±0.40 abc	164.50±3.03 d	186.00±5.00 b	151.30±4.91 de
ZZ	7.43±0.09 bcd	1 095.33±84.62 b	10.11±0.20 ab	31.02±0.66 a	177.57±2.28 b	168.67±5.51 cd	171.58±6.74 b
MP	7.46±0.08 abc	1 052.00±62.27 bc	10.09±0.09 ab	28.18±0.84 bc	170.57±4.22 c	168.33±5.69 cd	158.23±6.79 cd
CPC	7.63±0.11 a	1 166.67±72.86 ab	10.06±0.14 b	30.25±2.19 ab	179.67±2.65 ab	219.33±6.66 a	163.57±2.98 bc
WN	7.39±0.06 cd	1 056.03±44.98 bc	10.26±0.08 ab	27.42±0.66 c	183.43±2.37 a	170.33±6.35 c	146.03±2.20 e

不同原料生物炭与无机钝化剂配施对小白菜地上部镉积累和土壤镉钝化的影响

Effects of application of biochar from different raw materials combined with inorganic amendments on cadmium accumulation in pakchoi shoots and soil cadmium inactivation

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