Ecological response of organic acid metabolism of Huangguogan fruits at different altitudes

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2023.04.12

Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis ›› 2023, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (4): 853-861.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2023.04.12

• Horticultural Science • Previous Articles Next Articles

Ecological response of organic acid metabolism of Huangguogan fruits at different altitudes

WU Jiao(), GONG Chengyu, CHEN Chaoqun, CHEN Hongxu, LIU Junhong, TANG Wenjing, CHU Yuanqi, YANG Wenlong, ZHANG Yao, GONG Ronggao()

College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China

Received:2022-01-22 Online:2023-04-25 Published:2023-05-05

Abstract

Abstract:

To reveal the relationship between Huangguogan fruit organic acid accumulation and different altitudes in the dry and warm valley of Dadu River, seven-year-old Huangguogan with altitudes of 875 m, 1 014 m and 1174 m were selected on the same mountain to study the changes of organic acid metabolism related indicators during fruit development. The results showed that the fruit organic acid was mainly citrate acid, accounting for more than 75%, followed by malic acid and quinic acid; the citric acid content was largely degraded in the later stage, and the higher the altitude, the lower the citric acid content; as the altitude increased significantly enhanced the cytoplasmic ACO activity and NADP-IDH activity in the citric acid degradation stage of the fruit. At the same time, the increase of altitude started ACO gene expression and increased NADP-IDH gene expression in advance.The difference in fruit organic acid content between different altitudes depended on the degradation of citric acid in the middle and late stages of fruit development; the main enzymes that caused the difference in organic acid content between different altitudes were cytoplasmic ACO, NADP-IDH and PEPC. Increased altitude might increase the activity of cytoplasmic ACO and NADP-IDH by activating ACO gene expression in advance and increasing NADP-IDH gene expression to promote the degradation of citric acid in fruit.

Key words: altitude, Huangguogan, fruit development, organic acid metabolism, response mechanism, gene expression

CLC Number:

S666.1

WU Jiao, GONG Chengyu, CHEN Chaoqun, CHEN Hongxu, LIU Junhong, TANG Wenjing, CHU Yuanqi, YANG Wenlong, ZHANG Yao, GONG Ronggao. Ecological response of organic acid metabolism of Huangguogan fruits at different altitudes[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2023, 35(4): 853-861.

Figures/Tables 7

Table 1 The difference of main climatic factors in Huangguogan gardens at different altitudes

海拔 Altitude/m	光照强度 Intensity of illumination/lx	年平均气温 Annual average temperature/℃	≥10 ℃年积温 ≥10 ℃ annual accumulated temperature/℃	年平均空气相对湿度 Annual average air relative humidity/%	年平均日温差 Annual mean daily temperature difference/℃
875	9.61×10⁴	18.2	6 165	58.3	7.2
1 014	9.97×10⁴	17.0	6 040	59.7	9.4
1 174	1.04×10⁵	15.7	5 781	61.9	11.5

Table 2 qPCR sequence of organic acid metabolism-related enzymes in Huangguogan fruit

基因 Gene	上游引物Forward primer(5'-3')	下游引物Reverse primer(5'-3')
CS	CCTGAGTGCCAGAAGTTGTT	AGAAGTTCCCACCATAATCC
PEPC	GGAATCGGATCAATGGTAAG	TGGTGTAGCCAATCGTAAAT
MDH	CTCCAACCCAACCTCACAG	GACCAAACCCAAACCAAAT
NADP-IDH	TTTTGCTGACGCTACCTTG	GGCACTCCAGTACGGATGT
ACO	GGCTTACTGCTTACTCAAC	AACTTCCACTGCCATACTC
β-actin	AGGCTCCACAAGCAAGTATIA	CATCAAGGCAGGGTTCACATT

Fig.1 Changes of soluble total acid and acid components in Huangguogan fruit at different altitudes during fruit development The bars with different lowercase letters in the same day after flowering showed significant difference (P<0.05).The same as below.

Fig.2 Changes of organic acid synthase activity in Huangguogan fruit at different altitudes at mature stage

Fig.3 Changes of organic acid synthase activity in Huangguogan fruit at different altitudes at mature stage

Fig.4 Changes of relative expression level of organic acid synthetic enzyme genes in Huangguogan fruit at different altitudes at mature stage

Fig.5 Changes of relative expression level of organic acid synthetic enzyme gengs in Huangguogan fruit at different altitudes at mature stage

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Ecological response of organic acid metabolism of Huangguogan fruits at different altitudes

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