浙江农业学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (10): 2354-2363.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20221510
杨迪1(), 张乃群1,*(
), 王雪勇2, 张军3,*(
), 王新军3
收稿日期:
2022-10-27
出版日期:
2023-10-25
发布日期:
2023-10-31
作者简介:
杨迪(1993—),男,河南南阳人,硕士,研究方向为植物学。E-mail:amazingdaliyang@163.com
通讯作者:
*张军,E-mail:基金资助:
YANG Di1(), ZHANG Naiqun1,*(
), WANG Xueyong2, ZHANG Jun3,*(
), WANG Xinjun3
Received:
2022-10-27
Online:
2023-10-25
Published:
2023-10-31
摘要:
为了解伏牛山野生中华猕猴桃种质资源特征特性,筛选出优良种质,对该地区野生中华猕猴桃资源进行调查、收集,结合地理因子,采用方差分析、相关性分析、主成分分析、聚类分析等方法对其叶长、叶宽、叶柄长等13个数量表型性状进行分析比较。结果表明:13个数量性状的变异范围为10.81%~47.56%,遗传多样性指数为2.90~2.94;果心大小和相对果心大小在不同经度存在显著差异,果心大小和果实横径在不同纬度存在显著差异,各数量性状间相关性较强;聚类分析将收集的19份伏牛山野生中华猕猴桃种质分为3类,第Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ类分别有7、3、9份种质,其中第Ⅱ类种质有叶片大、果实大且比例适中的特点。综上所述,伏牛山野生中华猕猴桃具有丰富的表型多样性,根据种质的表型特征,筛选出优良种质3份,可用于育种利用与生产开发。
中图分类号:
杨迪, 张乃群, 王雪勇, 张军, 王新军. 基于数量性状的伏牛山野生中华猕猴桃资源综合评价[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2023, 35(10): 2354-2363.
YANG Di, ZHANG Naiqun, WANG Xueyong, ZHANG Jun, WANG Xinjun. Comprehensive evaluation of wild Actinidia chinensis resources in Funiu Mountain based on quantitative traits[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2023, 35(10): 2354-2363.
编号No. | 经度Longitude/E | 纬度Latitude/N | 海拔Altitude/m | 果实形状Fruit shape |
---|---|---|---|---|
ZH1 | 111°45'19.65″ | 33°35'11.99″ | 919.0 | 长圆形Long elliptic |
ZH2 | 111°45'20.97″ | 33°35'11.21″ | 930.5 | 椭圆或近圆形Ellipse or nearly circular |
ZH3 | 111°45'19.68″ | 33°35'11.55″ | 897.9 | 长圆形Long elliptic |
ZH4 | 111°45'17.48″ | 33°35'14.96″ | 886.5 | 长圆形Long elliptic |
ZH5 | 111°45'17.45″ | 33°35'15.17″ | 894.9 | 长圆形Long elliptic |
ZH6 | 111°45'18.29″ | 33°35'18.99″ | 926.5 | 长圆形Long elliptic |
ZH7 | 111°45'19.63″ | 33°35'22.72″ | 951.7 | 椭圆或近圆形Ellipse or nearly circular |
ZH8 | 111°45'17.68″ | 33°35'15.55″ | 906.4 | 长圆形Long elliptic |
ZH9 | 111°45'17.49″ | 33°35'15.17″ | 909.7 | 长圆形Long elliptic |
ZH10 | 111°45'9.32″ | 33°35'9.30″ | 845.1 | 长圆形Long elliptic |
ZH11 | 111°45'9.31″ | 33°35'8.90″ | 840.5 | 椭圆或近圆形Ellipse or nearly circular |
ZH12 | 111°44'58.61″ | 33°34'56.83″ | 826.2 | 长圆形Long elliptic |
ZH13 | 111°44'19.15″ | 33°34'55.05″ | 734.0 | 椭圆或近圆形Ellipse or nearly circular |
ZH14 | 111°43'5.85″ | 33°38'6.15″ | 825.8 | 长圆形Long elliptic |
ZH15 | 111°43'6.34″ | 33°38'8.12″ | 818.2 | 长圆形Long elliptic |
ZH16 | 111°42'29.36″ | 33°38'40.15″ | 842.3 | 长圆形Long elliptic |
ZH17 | 111°42'29.62″ | 33°38'40.10″ | 841.0 | 长圆形Long elliptic |
ZH18 | 111°41'58.08″ | 33°39'24.35″ | 944.8 | 长圆形Long elliptic |
ZH19 | 111°41'57.86″ | 33°39'24.49″ | 928.2 | 长圆形Long elliptic |
表1 19份野生中华猕猴桃种质的采集信息
Table 1 Collection information list of 19 wild Actinidia chinensis germplasms
编号No. | 经度Longitude/E | 纬度Latitude/N | 海拔Altitude/m | 果实形状Fruit shape |
---|---|---|---|---|
ZH1 | 111°45'19.65″ | 33°35'11.99″ | 919.0 | 长圆形Long elliptic |
ZH2 | 111°45'20.97″ | 33°35'11.21″ | 930.5 | 椭圆或近圆形Ellipse or nearly circular |
ZH3 | 111°45'19.68″ | 33°35'11.55″ | 897.9 | 长圆形Long elliptic |
ZH4 | 111°45'17.48″ | 33°35'14.96″ | 886.5 | 长圆形Long elliptic |
ZH5 | 111°45'17.45″ | 33°35'15.17″ | 894.9 | 长圆形Long elliptic |
ZH6 | 111°45'18.29″ | 33°35'18.99″ | 926.5 | 长圆形Long elliptic |
ZH7 | 111°45'19.63″ | 33°35'22.72″ | 951.7 | 椭圆或近圆形Ellipse or nearly circular |
ZH8 | 111°45'17.68″ | 33°35'15.55″ | 906.4 | 长圆形Long elliptic |
ZH9 | 111°45'17.49″ | 33°35'15.17″ | 909.7 | 长圆形Long elliptic |
ZH10 | 111°45'9.32″ | 33°35'9.30″ | 845.1 | 长圆形Long elliptic |
ZH11 | 111°45'9.31″ | 33°35'8.90″ | 840.5 | 椭圆或近圆形Ellipse or nearly circular |
ZH12 | 111°44'58.61″ | 33°34'56.83″ | 826.2 | 长圆形Long elliptic |
ZH13 | 111°44'19.15″ | 33°34'55.05″ | 734.0 | 椭圆或近圆形Ellipse or nearly circular |
ZH14 | 111°43'5.85″ | 33°38'6.15″ | 825.8 | 长圆形Long elliptic |
ZH15 | 111°43'6.34″ | 33°38'8.12″ | 818.2 | 长圆形Long elliptic |
ZH16 | 111°42'29.36″ | 33°38'40.15″ | 842.3 | 长圆形Long elliptic |
ZH17 | 111°42'29.62″ | 33°38'40.10″ | 841.0 | 长圆形Long elliptic |
ZH18 | 111°41'58.08″ | 33°39'24.35″ | 944.8 | 长圆形Long elliptic |
ZH19 | 111°41'57.86″ | 33°39'24.49″ | 928.2 | 长圆形Long elliptic |
性状 Traits | 极差 Extreme difference | 最小值 Minimum value | 最大值 Maximum value | 变异系数 CV/% | 遗传多样性 指数 H' | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
叶长Leaf length/cm | 12.30±2.10 | 11.32 | 7.34 | 18.66 | 17.07 | 2.93 |
叶宽Leaf width/cm | 14.03±1.65 | 9.77 | 9.92 | 19.69 | 11.76 | 2.94 |
叶柄长Petiole length/cm | 9.82±1.67 | 17.6 | 1.01 | 18.61 | 17.01 | 2.93 |
叶形指数Leaf index | 0.88±0.14 | 0.87 | 0.68 | 1.55 | 15.91 | 2.93 |
叶柄长/叶长Petiole length/Leaf length | 0.83±0.20 | 1.87 | 0.12 | 1.99 | 24.10 | 2.92 |
果实纵径Fruit length/cm | 3.88±0.67 | 2.52 | 2.63 | 5.15 | 17.27 | 2.93 |
果实横径Fruit width/cm | 3.46±0.38 | 1.76 | 2.60 | 4.36 | 10.98 | 2.94 |
果柄长Fruit stalk length/cm | 3.89±1.85 | 4.09 | 2.45 | 6.54 | 47.56 | 2.92 |
果形指数Fruit shape index | 1.11±0.12 | 0.66 | 0.75 | 1.41 | 10.81 | 2.94 |
果柄长/果实纵径Fruit stalk length/Fruit Length | 1.05±0.35 | 1.68 | 0.58 | 2.26 | 33.33 | 2.90 |
果心大小Size of fruit core/cm | 0.88±0.28 | 1.62 | 0.45 | 2.07 | 31.82 | 2.91 |
相对果心大小Relative core size | 0.25±0.06 | 0.32 | 0.15 | 0.47 | 24.00 | 2.92 |
单果重Single fruit weight/g | 25.77±7.28 | 24.19 | 14.87 | 39.06 | 28.25 | 2.91 |
表2 伏牛山野生中华猕猴桃数量性状变异与遗传多样性分析
Table 2 Analysis of quantitative trait variation and genetic diversity of wild Actinidia chinensis in Funiu Mountain
性状 Traits | 极差 Extreme difference | 最小值 Minimum value | 最大值 Maximum value | 变异系数 CV/% | 遗传多样性 指数 H' | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
叶长Leaf length/cm | 12.30±2.10 | 11.32 | 7.34 | 18.66 | 17.07 | 2.93 |
叶宽Leaf width/cm | 14.03±1.65 | 9.77 | 9.92 | 19.69 | 11.76 | 2.94 |
叶柄长Petiole length/cm | 9.82±1.67 | 17.6 | 1.01 | 18.61 | 17.01 | 2.93 |
叶形指数Leaf index | 0.88±0.14 | 0.87 | 0.68 | 1.55 | 15.91 | 2.93 |
叶柄长/叶长Petiole length/Leaf length | 0.83±0.20 | 1.87 | 0.12 | 1.99 | 24.10 | 2.92 |
果实纵径Fruit length/cm | 3.88±0.67 | 2.52 | 2.63 | 5.15 | 17.27 | 2.93 |
果实横径Fruit width/cm | 3.46±0.38 | 1.76 | 2.60 | 4.36 | 10.98 | 2.94 |
果柄长Fruit stalk length/cm | 3.89±1.85 | 4.09 | 2.45 | 6.54 | 47.56 | 2.92 |
果形指数Fruit shape index | 1.11±0.12 | 0.66 | 0.75 | 1.41 | 10.81 | 2.94 |
果柄长/果实纵径Fruit stalk length/Fruit Length | 1.05±0.35 | 1.68 | 0.58 | 2.26 | 33.33 | 2.90 |
果心大小Size of fruit core/cm | 0.88±0.28 | 1.62 | 0.45 | 2.07 | 31.82 | 2.91 |
相对果心大小Relative core size | 0.25±0.06 | 0.32 | 0.15 | 0.47 | 24.00 | 2.92 |
单果重Single fruit weight/g | 25.77±7.28 | 24.19 | 14.87 | 39.06 | 28.25 | 2.91 |
经度 Longitude/E | 性状Trait | |
---|---|---|
果心大小 Size of fruit core/cm | 相对果心大小 Relative core size | |
111°41' | 0.75±0.11 b | 0.25±0.01 b |
111°42' | 0.92±0.12 b | 0.25±0.04 b |
111°43' | 1.51±0.30 a | 0.38±0.01 a |
111°44' | 0.84±0.25 b | 0.22±0.06 b |
111°45' | 0.79±0.17 b | 0.23±0.03 b |
表3 经度对伏牛山野生中华猕猴桃数量性状的影响
Table 3 Effect of longitude on quantitative traits of wild Actinidia chinensis in Funiu Mountain
经度 Longitude/E | 性状Trait | |
---|---|---|
果心大小 Size of fruit core/cm | 相对果心大小 Relative core size | |
111°41' | 0.75±0.11 b | 0.25±0.01 b |
111°42' | 0.92±0.12 b | 0.25±0.04 b |
111°43' | 1.51±0.30 a | 0.38±0.01 a |
111°44' | 0.84±0.25 b | 0.22±0.06 b |
111°45' | 0.79±0.17 b | 0.23±0.03 b |
纬度 Latitude/N | 性状Trait | |
---|---|---|
果实横径 Fruit width/cm | 果心大小 Size of fruit core/cm | |
33°34' | 3.76±0.09 a | 0.84±0.25 ab |
33°35' | 3.36±0.31 ab | 0.79±0.17 ab |
33°38' | 3.81±0.38 a | 1.21±0.39 a |
33°39' | 3.04±0.25 b | 0.75±0.11 b |
表4 纬度对伏牛山野生中华猕猴桃数量性状的影响
Table 4 Effect of latitude on quantitative traits of wild Actinidia chinensis in Funiu Mountain
纬度 Latitude/N | 性状Trait | |
---|---|---|
果实横径 Fruit width/cm | 果心大小 Size of fruit core/cm | |
33°34' | 3.76±0.09 a | 0.84±0.25 ab |
33°35' | 3.36±0.31 ab | 0.79±0.17 ab |
33°38' | 3.81±0.38 a | 1.21±0.39 a |
33°39' | 3.04±0.25 b | 0.75±0.11 b |
数量性状 Quantitative traits | 主成分Principal component | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 总载荷量Total loadings | |
叶长Leaf length | 0.224 | -0.674 | 0.083 | 0.624 | -0.120 | 0.137 |
叶宽Leaf width | 0.037 | 0.126 | 0.073 | 0.937 | -0.041 | 1.132 |
叶柄长Petiole length | 0.128 | 0.702 | 0.034 | 0.376 | -0.038 | 1.202 |
叶形指数Leaf index | 0.168 | -0.803 | 0.013 | 0.007 | -0.085 | -0.7 |
叶柄长/叶长Petiole length/Leaf length | -0.070 | 0.953 | -0.010 | -0.133 | 0.057 | 0.797 |
果实纵径Fruit length | 0.884 | -0.094 | 0.373 | 0.233 | -0.046 | 1.35 |
果实横径Fruit width | 0.472 | -0.113 | 0.644 | 0.427 | 0.062 | 1.492 |
果柄长Fruit stalk length | -0.038 | 0.058 | -0.059 | -0.030 | 0.992 | 0.923 |
果形指数Fruit shape index | 0.940 | -0.054 | -0.027 | -0.051 | -0.218 | 0.59 |
果柄长/果实纵径Fruit stalk length/Fruit Length | -0.494 | 0.109 | -0.227 | -0.140 | 0.809 | 0.057 |
果心大小Size of fruit core | 0.168 | -0.016 | 0.966 | 0.163 | -0.080 | 1.201 |
相对果心大小Relative core size | 0.040 | 0.052 | 0.950 | -0.066 | -0.163 | 0.813 |
单果重Single fruit weight | 0.598 | -0.200 | 0.309 | 0.562 | -0.231 | 1.038 |
特征值Eigenvalue | 5.055 | 2.435 | 1.556 | 1.457 | 1.113 | |
方差贡献率Variance contribution rate/% | 38.884 | 18.727 | 11.969 | 11.205 | 8.560 | |
累计贡献率Contribution rate/% | 38.884 | 57.611 | 69.580 | 80.786 | 89.346 |
表5 伏牛山野生中华猕猴桃数量性状的主成分分析
Table 5 Principal component analysis of quantitative traits of wild Actinidia chinensis in Funiu Mountain
数量性状 Quantitative traits | 主成分Principal component | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 总载荷量Total loadings | |
叶长Leaf length | 0.224 | -0.674 | 0.083 | 0.624 | -0.120 | 0.137 |
叶宽Leaf width | 0.037 | 0.126 | 0.073 | 0.937 | -0.041 | 1.132 |
叶柄长Petiole length | 0.128 | 0.702 | 0.034 | 0.376 | -0.038 | 1.202 |
叶形指数Leaf index | 0.168 | -0.803 | 0.013 | 0.007 | -0.085 | -0.7 |
叶柄长/叶长Petiole length/Leaf length | -0.070 | 0.953 | -0.010 | -0.133 | 0.057 | 0.797 |
果实纵径Fruit length | 0.884 | -0.094 | 0.373 | 0.233 | -0.046 | 1.35 |
果实横径Fruit width | 0.472 | -0.113 | 0.644 | 0.427 | 0.062 | 1.492 |
果柄长Fruit stalk length | -0.038 | 0.058 | -0.059 | -0.030 | 0.992 | 0.923 |
果形指数Fruit shape index | 0.940 | -0.054 | -0.027 | -0.051 | -0.218 | 0.59 |
果柄长/果实纵径Fruit stalk length/Fruit Length | -0.494 | 0.109 | -0.227 | -0.140 | 0.809 | 0.057 |
果心大小Size of fruit core | 0.168 | -0.016 | 0.966 | 0.163 | -0.080 | 1.201 |
相对果心大小Relative core size | 0.040 | 0.052 | 0.950 | -0.066 | -0.163 | 0.813 |
单果重Single fruit weight | 0.598 | -0.200 | 0.309 | 0.562 | -0.231 | 1.038 |
特征值Eigenvalue | 5.055 | 2.435 | 1.556 | 1.457 | 1.113 | |
方差贡献率Variance contribution rate/% | 38.884 | 18.727 | 11.969 | 11.205 | 8.560 | |
累计贡献率Contribution rate/% | 38.884 | 57.611 | 69.580 | 80.786 | 89.346 |
数量性状Quantitative traits | Ⅰ | Ⅱ | Ⅲ |
---|---|---|---|
叶长Leaf length/cm | 12.80±1.53 b | 14.99±1.24 a | 11.01±1.73 b |
叶宽Leaf width/cm | 14.36±1.01 a | 15.68±2.05 a | 13.22±1.57 a |
叶柄长Petiole length/cm | 9.78±1.92 a | 9.76±1.43 a | 9.87±1.73 a |
叶形指数Leaf index | 0.90±0.12 a | 0.96±0.05 a | 0.85±0.14 a |
叶柄长/叶长Petiole length/Leaf length | 0.79±0.21 a | 0.65±0.11 a | 0.92±0.18 a |
果实纵径Fruit length/cm | 3.98±0.64 b | 4.83±0.13 a | 3.48±0.40 b |
果实横径Fruit width/cm | 3.47±0.36 b | 3.97±0.36 a | 3.29±0.26 b |
果柄长Fruit stalk length/cm | 3.34±0.46 a | 3.88±0.37 a | 4.32±0.98 a |
果形指数Fruit shape index | 1.15±0.13 a | 1.22±0.11 a | 1.05±0.09 a |
果柄长/果实纵径Fruit stalk length/Fruit Length | 0.85±0.11 b | 0.81±0.06 b | 1.29±0.37 a |
果心大小Size of fruit core/cm | 0.84±0.13 a | 1.19±0.53 a | 0.81±0.22 a |
相对果心大小Relative core size | 0.24±0.03 a | 0.29±0.11 a | 0.24±0.05 a |
单果重Single fruit weight/g | 28.88±2.58 b | 37.31±1.93 a | 19.51±3.27 c |
表6 不同聚类分组的数量性状差异性分析
Table 6 Difference analysis of quantitative characters of different cluster groups
数量性状Quantitative traits | Ⅰ | Ⅱ | Ⅲ |
---|---|---|---|
叶长Leaf length/cm | 12.80±1.53 b | 14.99±1.24 a | 11.01±1.73 b |
叶宽Leaf width/cm | 14.36±1.01 a | 15.68±2.05 a | 13.22±1.57 a |
叶柄长Petiole length/cm | 9.78±1.92 a | 9.76±1.43 a | 9.87±1.73 a |
叶形指数Leaf index | 0.90±0.12 a | 0.96±0.05 a | 0.85±0.14 a |
叶柄长/叶长Petiole length/Leaf length | 0.79±0.21 a | 0.65±0.11 a | 0.92±0.18 a |
果实纵径Fruit length/cm | 3.98±0.64 b | 4.83±0.13 a | 3.48±0.40 b |
果实横径Fruit width/cm | 3.47±0.36 b | 3.97±0.36 a | 3.29±0.26 b |
果柄长Fruit stalk length/cm | 3.34±0.46 a | 3.88±0.37 a | 4.32±0.98 a |
果形指数Fruit shape index | 1.15±0.13 a | 1.22±0.11 a | 1.05±0.09 a |
果柄长/果实纵径Fruit stalk length/Fruit Length | 0.85±0.11 b | 0.81±0.06 b | 1.29±0.37 a |
果心大小Size of fruit core/cm | 0.84±0.13 a | 1.19±0.53 a | 0.81±0.22 a |
相对果心大小Relative core size | 0.24±0.03 a | 0.29±0.11 a | 0.24±0.05 a |
单果重Single fruit weight/g | 28.88±2.58 b | 37.31±1.93 a | 19.51±3.27 c |
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