浙江农业学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (12): 2504-2515.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20240770
肖毓淼1(
), 马巧梅2, 张思法3, 何勇1,*(
), 赵振卿2
收稿日期:2024-08-30
出版日期:2025-12-25
发布日期:2026-01-09
作者简介:肖毓淼(2000—),男,浙江杭州人,硕士,研究方向为蔬菜栽培与生理生态研究。E-mail: 954382195@qq.com
通讯作者:
*何勇,E-mail: heyong@zafu.edu.cn
基金资助:
XIAO Yumiao1(
), MA Qiaomei2, ZHANG Sifa3, HE Yong1,*(
), ZHAO Zhenqing2
Received:2024-08-30
Online:2025-12-25
Published:2026-01-09
摘要: 为研究鱼蛋白水解物对番茄幼苗生长及光合特性的影响,以番茄CR(Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme)品种为试验材料,设置5种不同浓度的鱼蛋白水解物处理,测定番茄幼苗株高、根长、生物量、根系活力、营养指标、抗氧化酶活性、光合指标、叶绿素含量和叶绿素荧光参数,以期明确适宜番茄幼苗生长的鱼蛋白水解物浓度。结果表明,与对照相比,T1、T2、T3、T4(鱼蛋白水解物稀释2 000、1 600、1 200、800倍)处理促进了番茄幼苗生长。其中T3(稀释1 200倍)处理促进番茄幼苗生长效果最佳,其株高、茎粗、根长、地上部鲜重、地下部鲜重和根系活力显著(p<0.05)高于其他处理和对照,可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量也较对照显著提升。T3处理下番茄幼苗过氧化物酶(POD)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性显著提升,丙二醛(MDA)含量显著降低,抗氧化、抗逆能力增强。与对照相比,T3处理下番茄幼苗叶绿素总含量和净光合速率分别增加了22.16%和23.57%。同时,T3处理显著提高了番茄幼苗PSⅡ最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)、PSⅡ实际光化学效率(ΦPSⅡ)、非光化学猝灭系数(NPQ)。因此,鱼蛋白水解物稀释1 200倍处理能显著促进番茄幼苗生长,增强其光合特性。本研究为番茄育苗提供了一种高效、可持续的施肥方法,具有一定的应用价值和推广前景,为鱼蛋白水解物在蔬菜育苗中的应用提供了理论依据。
中图分类号:
肖毓淼, 马巧梅, 张思法, 何勇, 赵振卿. 鱼蛋白水解物对番茄幼苗生长及光合特性的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2025, 37(12): 2504-2515.
XIAO Yumiao, MA Qiaomei, ZHANG Sifa, HE Yong, ZHAO Zhenqing. Effects of fish protein hydrolysate on the growth and photosynthetic characteristics of tomato seedlings[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2025, 37(12): 2504-2515.
图1 不同处理下番茄幼苗的表型 图A为整体番茄幼苗正视与俯视表型图,图B为单株番茄幼苗正视表型图,比例尺=4 cm。T1、T2、T3、T4、T5分别为鱼蛋白水解物稀释2 000、1 600、1 200、800、400倍处理,CK为不添加鱼蛋白水解物。图2~7同。
Fig.1 Phenotype of tomato seedlings under different treatments Figure A shows the front and top phenotype maps of overall tomato seedlings, figure B shows the front phenotype map of single tomato seedlings, with a scale of 4 cm. T1, T2, T3, T4, and T5 were treated with fish protein hydrolysate diluted 2 000, 1 600, 1 200, 800, and 400 times, respectively. CK was treated without adding fish protein hydrolysate. The same as Figures 2 to 7.
| 处理 Treatment | 株高 Plant height/cm | 茎粗 Stem diameter/cm | 根长 Root length/cm | 地上部鲜重 Fresh weight of aboveground/g | 地下部鲜重 Fresh weight of underground/g | 根冠比 Root-to-shoot ratio |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CK | 11.63±0.82 d | 0.423±0.022 d | 9.64±0.51 e | 3.53±0.33 c | 0.81±0.11 e | 0.230±0.033 c |
| T1 | 12.55±0.33 bc | 0.443±0.016 c | 11.24±0.61 c | 3.39±0.31 c | 0.92±0.14 d | 0.270±0.034 b |
| T2 | 12.21±0.41 c | 0.482±0.016 b | 10.50±0.79 d | 4.11±0.27 b | 1.48±0.16 b | 0.291±0.041 ab |
| T3 | 13.53±0.32 a | 0.534±0.024 a | 13.18±0.65 a | 5.43±0.16 a | 1.75±0.16 a | 0.322±0.030 a |
| T4 | 12.77±0.55 b | 0.484±0.019 b | 11.81±0.65 b | 4.00±0.28 b | 1.19±0.09 c | 0.299±0.031 ab |
| T5 | 7.87±0.41 e | 0.380±0.017 e | 9.89±0.62 e | 1.76±0.29 d | 0.54±0.08 f | 0.316±0.079 a |
表1 不同处理下番茄幼苗的生长指标
Table 1 Growth indexes of tomato seedlings under different treatments
| 处理 Treatment | 株高 Plant height/cm | 茎粗 Stem diameter/cm | 根长 Root length/cm | 地上部鲜重 Fresh weight of aboveground/g | 地下部鲜重 Fresh weight of underground/g | 根冠比 Root-to-shoot ratio |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CK | 11.63±0.82 d | 0.423±0.022 d | 9.64±0.51 e | 3.53±0.33 c | 0.81±0.11 e | 0.230±0.033 c |
| T1 | 12.55±0.33 bc | 0.443±0.016 c | 11.24±0.61 c | 3.39±0.31 c | 0.92±0.14 d | 0.270±0.034 b |
| T2 | 12.21±0.41 c | 0.482±0.016 b | 10.50±0.79 d | 4.11±0.27 b | 1.48±0.16 b | 0.291±0.041 ab |
| T3 | 13.53±0.32 a | 0.534±0.024 a | 13.18±0.65 a | 5.43±0.16 a | 1.75±0.16 a | 0.322±0.030 a |
| T4 | 12.77±0.55 b | 0.484±0.019 b | 11.81±0.65 b | 4.00±0.28 b | 1.19±0.09 c | 0.299±0.031 ab |
| T5 | 7.87±0.41 e | 0.380±0.017 e | 9.89±0.62 e | 1.76±0.29 d | 0.54±0.08 f | 0.316±0.079 a |
图2 不同处理下番茄的根系活力 图A为显微镜下番茄根尖染色情况,比例尺=1 mm;图B为番茄根系活力。同组柱上无相同小写字母表示不同处理间差异显著(p<0.05),图3~7同。
Fig.2 Root vitality of tomato under different treatments Figure A shows the staining of tomato root tips under a microscope, with a scale of 1 mm; Figure B shows the root vitality of tomato. The absence of identical lowercase letters above columns in the same group indicates significant (p<0.05) differences between treatments, the same as shown in Figures 3-7.
图7 不同处理下番茄幼苗叶绿素荧光参数 图A为PSⅡ最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)成像图,颜色越接近深蓝,其数值越大;图B为PSⅡ最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm);图C为实际光化学效率(ΦPSⅡ);图D为非光化学猝灭系数(NPQ)。
Fig.7 Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of tomato seedlings under different treatments Figure A shows the imaging of the PSⅡ maximum photochemical efficiency(Fv/Fm), with values increasing as the color approaches deep blue; Figure B shows the PSⅡ maximum photochemical efficiency(Fv/Fm); Figure C shows the actual photochemical efficiency parameter (ΦPSⅡ); Figure D shows the non-photochemical quenching coefficient (NPQ).
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