干旱和盐胁迫下百子莲的抗逆生理研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2022.12.10

浙江农业学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (12): 2669-2681.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2022.12.10

干旱和盐胁迫下百子莲的抗逆生理研究

刘涛¹(), 陈海荣², 汪成忠³, 任丽²^,^*(), 张荻¹^,^*()

1.上海交通大学设计学院风景园林系,上海 200240
2.上海市农业科学院农产品质量标准与检测技术研究所,上海 201403
3.苏州农业职业技术学院,江苏苏州 215008

收稿日期:2021-08-16 出版日期:2022-12-25 发布日期:2022-12-26
通讯作者: 任丽,张荻
作者简介:任丽,E-mail: renliaqx@163.com
*张荻,E-mail: zhangdi2013@sjtu.edu.cn;
刘涛(1997—),男,上海人,硕士研究生,主要从事植物逆境生理方面的研究。E-mail: liutao13759@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(31670693)

Physiology of stress resistance of Agapanthus praecox under drought and salt stress

LIU Tao¹(), CHEN Hairong², WANG Chengzhong³, REN Li²^,^*(), ZHANG Di¹^,^*()

1. Department of Landscape Architecture, School of Design, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
2. Institute for Agri-Food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
3. Suzhou Polytechnic Institute of Agriculture, Suzhou 215008, Jiangsu, China

Received:2021-08-16 Online:2022-12-25 Published:2022-12-26
Contact: REN Li,ZHANG Di

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以蓝色大花百子莲实生苗作为材料进行干旱和盐处理,从抗逆生理层面探索其在干旱和盐胁迫下的耐受能力,为其在干旱和盐碱环境下的园林应用提供科学的指导依据。研究结果表明,园土培养下百子莲能够完全耐受约30 d的断水干旱胁迫;盐处理下的半致死NaCl浓度为1.29%。生理指标测定结果显示,干旱和盐胁迫提高了百子莲叶片的细胞膜透性、丙二醛(MDA)与总可溶性蛋白(TSP)含量。干旱胁迫下叶绿素(Chl)含量先升后降,盐胁迫下维持稳定。干旱胁迫下,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)活性在胁迫30 d时显著(P<0.05)升高而后下降,过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性持续下降;盐胁迫下3种抗氧化酶均表现为由高活性降低的趋势。基因表达结果显示,两种胁迫下百子莲的抗氧化基因响应有所差异,Cu/Zn-SOD、POD、APX和GPX积极响应干旱胁迫信号,Cu/Zn-SOD、POD和GPX参与响应盐胁迫信号。主成分分析结果表明,可从膜脂过氧化程度、抗氧化酶活性、渗透调节物质含量来评价百子莲对干旱的耐受能力,从抗氧化酶活性评价百子莲对高盐的耐受能力。

关键词: 百子莲, 干旱胁迫, 盐胁迫, 生理响应, 主成分分析

Abstract:

Agapanthus praecox ssp. orientalis Big Blue was taken as the experimental material under drought and salt treatments, to explore the tolerance to drought and salt stress at the level of resistance physiology to provide scientific guidance for its application under drought and salt stress treatments. Results showed that A. praecox could have resistance for about 30 d under drought stress. The semi-lethal NaCl concentration was about 1.29%. The results of physiological indexes showed that the cell membrane permeability, malondialdehyde content and total soluble protein content continued to rise under both stress treatments. The chlorophyll content under drought stress firstly increased and then decreased. Under drought stress, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) increased under 30-day drought stress and then decreased, while catalase (CAT) activity continued to decrease. Under salt stress, the activities of three antioxidant enzymes all showed a downward trend. qRT-PCR results showed distinctive results that Cu/Zn-SOD, POD, APX and GPX responded to the drought stress, while Cu/Zn-SOD, POD and GPX were involved in responding to the salt stress. The results of the principal component analysis indicated that membrane lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzyme activity and osmoregulatory substance content of A. praecox can evaluate the tolerance to drought,while antioxidant enzyme activity indicated the tolerance to salt.

Key words: Agapanthus praecox, drought stress, salt stress, physiological responses, principal component analysis

中图分类号:

S682

刘涛, 陈海荣, 汪成忠, 任丽, 张荻. 干旱和盐胁迫下百子莲的抗逆生理研究[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2022, 34(12): 2669-2681.

LIU Tao, CHEN Hairong, WANG Chengzhong, REN Li, ZHANG Di. Physiology of stress resistance of Agapanthus praecox under drought and salt stress[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2022, 34(12): 2669-2681.

图/表 8

表1 实时荧光定量PCR目的基因与引物序列

Table 1 Target genes and primer sequences of qRT-PCR

基因名称 Gene name	引物序列 Primer sequences/(5'→3')	退火温度 Annealing temperature/℃
Ap-Actin	CAGTGTCTGGATTGGAGG	54.9
	TAGAAGCACTTCCTGTG	49.8
Cu/Zn-SOD	GCAGTGAGGGAGTGAAGG	57.2
	TGCAGCCATTTGTGGTAT	50.3
Fe-SOD	GCTCCTGCATTCCCTGTG	57.2
	AACATTGTGGCCGACGAA	52.6
POD	ACAACCCTTGTCTATTCACG	53.4
	TTCACCAACCGCCTCTAC	54.9
CAT	GGCACTTGCACCTCTTGC	57.2
	ACCACTTTCACCACCACC	54.9
APX	ACAAGCGGGCGGAAGACA	57.2
	TGGGCAGGTGCCACAAAG	57.2
GPX	CATGGGAAAGCCAGGATC	54.9
	CGATTTCACCGTCAAGGA	52.6

图1 干旱(A)和盐浓度梯度(B)下百子莲的植株形态变化

Fig.1 Plant morphology of Agapanthus praecox under drought (A) and salt (B) stress

图2 干旱胁迫下土壤含水量(A)和百子莲全株鲜重变化(B)及盐浓度梯度下百子莲全株鲜重变化(C) 不同小写字母表示在相同胁迫处理条件下不同胁迫时间内土壤含水量或百子莲全株鲜重存在显著性差异,P<0.05。

Fig.2 Soil moisture (A) and fresh weights of Agapanthus praecox under drought (B) and different salt concentration (C) stress treatments Different lowercases in the same column indicated significant (P<0.05) differences in soil moisture or fresh weights of A. praecox in different time under drought stress treatment.

图3 干旱(A-H)和盐胁迫(I-P,1.29% NaCl浓度)下百子莲抗性生理指标变化总可溶性蛋白含量单位标准化为每克植物干重,其余生理指标(除相对电导率外)单位标准化为每毫克蛋白。不同小写字母表示在相同胁迫处理条件下不同胁迫时间内百子莲的抗性生理指标存在显著性差异,P<0.05。

Fig.3 Physiological indexes of Agapanthus praecox under drought (A-H) and salt (I-P, 1.29% NaCl concentration) stress treatments The unit of total soluable protein was standardized as per gram of plant dry weight, and the unit of other physiological indexes (eccept relative electrical conductivity) was standardized as per milligram of protein. Different lowercases in the same column indicate significant (P<0.05) differences in physiological indexes of A. praecox in different time under drought or salt stress treatment.

表2 干旱胁迫下百子莲抗性生理指标相关性分析

Table 2 Correlation analysis of resistance physiological indexes of Agapanthus praecox under drought stress treatment

指标Index	Chl	TSP	Pro	MDA	SOD	POD	CAT
R_EL	0.821	0.339	0.885^*	0.942	-0.346	-0.693	-0.757
Chl		0.815	0.524	0.841	-0.382	-0.751	-0.866
TSP			-0.047	0.444	-0.318	-0.563	-0.639
Pro				0.697	0.031	-0.306	-0.665
MDA					-0.636	-0.894^*	-0.609
SOD						0.891^*	-0.119
POD							0.343

表3 盐胁迫下百子莲抗性生理指标相关性分析

Table 3 Correlation analysis of resistance physiological indexes of Agapanthus praecox under salt stress treatment

指标Index	Chl	TSP	Pro	MDA	SOD	POD	CAT
R_EL	0.817	-0.816	-0.817	0.681	-0.873	-0.861	-0.976^*
Chl		-0.859	-0.994^**	0.701	-0.993^**	-0.989^*	-0.850
TSP			0.907	-0.964^*	0.850	0.923	0.921
Pro				-0.774	0.982^*	0.996^**	0.870
MDA					-0.680	-0.791	-0.824
SOD						0.986^*	0.886
POD							0.908

图4 干旱(A-F)和盐胁迫(G-L,1.29% NaCl浓度)下百子莲抗氧化酶基因相对表达量变化不同小写字母表示百子莲在相同胁迫处理条件下不同时间内抗氧化酶基因相对表达量存在显著性差异,P<0.05。

Fig.4 Relative expression of antioxidant enzyme genes in Agapanthus praecox under drought (A-F) and salt (G-L, 1.29% NaCl concentration) stress treatments Different lowercases in the same column indicated significant (P<0.05) differences in relative expression of antioxidant enzyme genes in A. praecox in different time under drought or salt stress treatment.

表4 干旱和盐胁迫下百子莲的抗逆生理指标主成分分析

Table 4 The principal component analysis of comprehensive appraisal of Agapanthus praecox under drought and salt stress treatments

主成分 Principal components		干旱胁迫 Drought stress			盐胁迫 Salt stress
主成分 Principal components		1	2	3	1
特征值 Eigenvalues		5.132	1.688	1.181	6.870
贡献率 Contribution/%		64.146	21.096	14.758	85.872
累积贡献率 Cumulative contribution/%		100	85.872
特征向量Eigen vectors	x₁	0.181	0.152	-0.223	-0.129
	x₂	0.186	0.025	0.250	-0.131
	x₃	0.124	-0.135	0.624	-0.142
	x₄	0.128	0.360	-0.376	0.132
	x₅	0.188	-0.049	-0.215	-0.118
	x₆	-0.101	0.481	0.227	0.143
	x₇	-0.166	0.303	0.108	0.145
	x₈	-0.151	-0.309	-0.306	0.136
对应抗性生理指标		MDA、TSP	SOD、Pro	Chl、Pro	SOD、POD
Corresponding physiological indexes

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干旱和盐胁迫下百子莲的抗逆生理研究

Physiology of stress resistance of Agapanthus praecox under drought and salt stress

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