浙江农业学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (1): 80-85.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2020.01.10

• 园艺科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

四季豆丽芸2号生长动态及其养分吸收规律

马瑞芳1, 马进川2, 马军伟2,*, 周大云1, 王强2, 丁潮洪1   

  1. 1. 丽水市农业科学研究院 农作物研究所, 浙江 丽水 323000;
    2. 浙江省农业科学院 环境资源与土壤肥料研究所, 浙江 杭州 310021
  • 收稿日期:2019-05-13 出版日期:2020-01-25 发布日期:2020-03-11
  • 通讯作者: *马军伟,E-mail: majw@mail.zaas.cn
  • 作者简介:马瑞芳(1985—),女,山西临汾人,硕士,助理研究员,研究方向为豆类蔬菜育种及栽培技术。E-mail:mareifang@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    浙江省重点研发计划(2015C02013); 丽水市重点研发计划(2017ZDYF10)

Growth dynamic and nutrient uptake law of common bean cultivar Liyun 2

MA Ruifang1, MA Jinchuan2, MA Junwei2,*, ZHOU Dayun1, WANG Qiang2, DING Chaohong1   

  1. 1. Institute of Crop Research, Lishui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lishui 323000, China;
    2. Institute of Environment, Resources, Soil and Fertilizer, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
  • Received:2019-05-13 Online:2020-01-25 Published:2020-03-11

摘要: 对四季豆品种丽芸2号的生长动态和养分吸收特征进行研究,以明确四季豆生长过程中养分的吸收规律,为科学合理的农田养分管理提供参考。田间试验于2016年在浙江省丽水市进行,四季豆生产中农艺管理措施与当地农民习惯一致。在四季豆苗期、伸蔓期、开花期、结荚期、收获期,采集植株样品,测定植株干物质质量和营养元素氮、磷、钾、钙、镁、硫、铁、锰、锌、钼、铜、硅等含量,并进行分析。结果表明,四季豆干物质累积量随着生长呈增加趋势,其中收获期经济产量干物质累积量最高,达到2 304.6 kg·hm-2。四季豆不同生长时期对养分元素的需求为收获期>结荚期>伸蔓期>苗期和开花期。四季豆对氮、磷、钾养分的吸收比例为1.0∶0.4∶1.0,并分别将氮、磷、钾养分吸收量约79.0%分配到经济产量中。根据四季豆产量、养分含量和肥料利用率等指标,估算出单产30 000 kg·hm-2(丰产水平)四季豆的合理施肥量为N 155~181 kg·hm-2、P2O5 82~103 kg·hm-2,K2O 136~156 kg·hm-2。该研究可以为四季豆生产中养分管理提供参考,同时减轻因肥料过量施用而导致的环境问题。

关键词: 四季豆, 生长动态, 营养吸收, 产量, 干物质累积

Abstract: Growth dynamic and nutrient uptake of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivar Liyun 2 were studied in this research to clarify the nutrient uptake over the growth period so as to provide a basis for more scientific nutrient management. Field experiments were carried out in Lishui City, Zhejiang Province in 2016. The agronomic management measures in the production of common beans were consistent with local farmers' practice. In seedling stage, stretch tendril stage, flowering stage, pod setting stage and harvest stage, plant samples were taken to determine and analyze the dry material accumulation and nutrient element content. Results indicated that the dry material accumulation of common bean showed an increasing trend over the growth period, and the harvest stage had the largest accumulation of dry material, 2 304.6 kg·hm-2. The nutrient demands of common bean in different growth stages were showed as follows: harvest stage>pod setting stage>stretch tendril stage>seedling stage and flowering stage. During the common beans production, the nutrient uptake ratio for N, P, K was 1.0∶0.4∶1.0, and nearly 79.0% of all N, P, K uptake were redistributed to economic yield, respectively. The nutrient requirement for N, P and K at the yield level of 30 000 kg·hm-2 were N 155-181 kg·hm-2, P2O5 82-103 kg·hm-2, K2O 136-156 kg·hm-2, which were evaluated according to the yield level, nutrient concentration and N/P/K use efficiency. This study can provide a basis for the nutrient management in common bean production and the control of environmental risk caused by fertilizer over application.

Key words: Phaseolus vulgaris L., growth dynamic, nutrient uptake, yield, dry material accumulation

中图分类号: