浙江农业学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (7): 1602-1615.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20230332

• 园艺科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

疏花对紫嫣茶树产量及品质成分的影响

李慧1,2(), 谭晓琴1,2, 唐茜1,2, 杨洋3, 陈玮1,2,*()   

  1. 1.四川农业大学 园艺学院,四川 成都 611130
    2.精制川茶四川省重点实验室,四川 成都 611130
    3.四川一枝春茶业有限公司,四川 乐山 614501
  • 收稿日期:2023-03-13 出版日期:2024-07-25 发布日期:2024-08-05
  • 作者简介:李慧(1998—),女,山东临沂人,硕士研究生,研究方向为茶树栽培与育种。E-mail: 1697589817@qq.com
  • 通讯作者: *陈玮,E-mail: chenwei2551@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    四川省科技计划项目(2021YFN0004);四川省自然科学基金(2023NSFSC0166);四川省科技创新创业苗子工程(2022JDRC0116)

Effects of flower thinning on yield and quality components of Zi Yan tea plants

LI Hui1,2(), TAN Xiaoqin1,2, TANG Qian1,2, YANG Yang3, CHEN Wei1,2,*()   

  1. 1. School of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130,China
    2. Tea Refining and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Chengdu 611130,China
    3. Sichuan Yizhichun Tea Industry Co., Ltd., Leshan 614501,Sichuan, China
  • Received:2023-03-13 Online:2024-07-25 Published:2024-08-05

摘要:

该研究以茶树品种紫嫣为试验材料,探究不同花蕾负载量和不同浓度化学药剂对茶树产量及品质成分的影响。结果表明,花蕾负载量减少可以促进紫嫣新梢的生长,在1/2花蕾负载量时新梢产量最高,夏季产量为363.31 kg·hm-2,秋季产量为591.38 kg·hm-2,翌年春季产量为369.76 kg·hm-2,较对照分别增加28.55%、49.17%、125.85%。此外花蕾负载量的减少也可以提高紫嫣茶树新梢水浸出物和茶多酚含量,并且有利于儿茶素的积累。乙烯利能够有效地疏除茶树的花朵(花蕾),并且该疏除效果能够维持整个花期,其中1 000 mg·L-1的乙烯利能显著提高茶树的产量,春季产量为264.75 kg·hm-2。一定浓度的多效唑不能有效地减少紫嫣茶树开花数量,通过观察发现其延缓了茶树的开花及新梢生长进程,但并不会对其产量产生影响;此外多效唑能够显著增加春季紫嫣茶树中的游离氨基酸和花青素含量,当其浓度为150 mg·L-1时,花青素含量较对照显著增加29.55%。

关键词: 疏花, 紫嫣, 茶树, 产量, 品质成分

Abstract:

In this study, we investigated the effects of different bud loadings and chemical concentrations on the yield and quality components of tea plants using the tea variety Zi Yan as the test material. The results showed that the decrease in flower bud loading could promote the growth of shoots of Zi Yan tea plants, with the highest new shoot yield at 1/2 bud loading, 363.31 kg·hm-2, 591.38 kg·hm-2 and 396.76 kg·hm-2 in summer, autumn and the following spring respectively, which is 28.55%, 49.17% and 125.85% significantly higher than that of the control, respectively. In addition, the reduction of bud loading could also increase the water extract and tea polyphenol content of new tips of Zi Yan tea plants, and facilitate the accumulation of catechins. Ethephon can effectively remove the flowers (buds) of tea plants and maintain them throughout the flowering period, and 1 000 mg·L-1 of ethephon can significantly increasing the yield of tea plants, amounting to 264.75 kg·hm-2 in spring. A certain concentration of polyconazole could not effectively reduce the number of flowering of Zi Yan tea plants, and it was observed that it delayed the flowering and new growth process of the tea plants, but did not affect its yield; In addition, polyconazole could significantly increase the free amino acid and anthocyanin content in spring Zi Yan tea plants, with a significant increase of 29.55% in anthocyanin content at a concentration of 150 mg·L-1 compared with the control.

Key words: flower thinning, Zi Yan, tea plant, yield, quality component

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