浙江农业学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (1): 112-121.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2021.01.14
杨乙未1,2,3,4(), 肖华1,2,3,4, 陈浒1,2,3,4,*(
), 肖聶佳1,2,3,4, 郭城1,2,3,4
收稿日期:
2020-06-04
出版日期:
2021-01-25
发布日期:
2021-01-25
通讯作者:
陈浒
作者简介:
*陈浒,E-mail:gy_chenhu@163.com基金资助:
YANG Yiwei1,2,3,4(), XIAO Hua1,2,3,4, CHEN Hu1,2,3,4,*(
), XIAO Niejia1,2,3,4, GUO Cheng1,2,3,4
Received:
2020-06-04
Online:
2021-01-25
Published:
2021-01-25
Contact:
CHEN Hu
摘要:
混农林业作为集约型土地利用和经营方式之一,运用于石漠化地区有利于土壤生物多样性的修复。2019年7月,对贵州省毕节市撒拉溪镇龙场村的玫瑰+大豆、玫瑰+苹果+大豆和玫瑰+玉米3种混农林模式样地中的土壤螨类进行了调查,以玫瑰单作为对照,共捕获土壤螨类1 524头,隶属3目41科64属,以盖头甲螨属(Tectocepheus)和派伦螨属(Parholaspulus)为优势属。其中,玫瑰+玉米样地中具有较丰富的螨类属数,而玫瑰样地中具有较高的个体数量。土壤螨类在4种模式的样地中均呈明显的表聚性。多样性指数和丰富度指数在玫瑰+大豆和玫瑰+玉米样地上较高。4种模式下土壤螨类的群落相似性较低,表现为中等不相似。3种混农林模式样地中捕食性革螨均为r选择型,而玫瑰样地中捕食性革螨为K选择型。甲螨群落结构在玫瑰样地上为P型,在玫瑰+大豆样地上为O型,在其余样地上为G型。总的来说,实施玫瑰混农林治理模式可使土壤螨类数量和多样性增加,以玫瑰为主,与苹果、大豆或玉米混合种植的模式有利于提高土壤螨类多样性,其中,玫瑰+大豆的模式效果较好。
中图分类号:
杨乙未, 肖华, 陈浒, 肖聶佳, 郭城. 喀斯特地区不同玫瑰混农林模式的土壤螨类群落结构特征[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2021, 33(1): 112-121.
YANG Yiwei, XIAO Hua, CHEN Hu, XIAO Niejia, GUO Cheng. Structural characteristics of soil mite communities under different modes of rose-based agroforestry in Karst area[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2021, 33(1): 112-121.
科Family | K | r |
---|---|---|
Blattisociidae | — | 2 |
Laelapidae | — | 1 |
Ologamasidae | — | 1 |
Pachylaelapidae | 1 | — |
Parholaspididae | 2 | — |
Uropodidae | 3 | — |
Zerconidae | 3 | — |
Rhodacaridae | 2 | — |
Phytoseiidae | — | 2 |
Parasitidae | — | 4 |
表1 捕食性革螨(Mesostigmata: Gamasina)的K值和r值
Table 1 K and r values of predatory mites(Mesostigmata: Gamasina)
科Family | K | r |
---|---|---|
Blattisociidae | — | 2 |
Laelapidae | — | 1 |
Ologamasidae | — | 1 |
Pachylaelapidae | 1 | — |
Parholaspididae | 2 | — |
Uropodidae | 3 | — |
Zerconidae | 3 | — |
Rhodacaridae | 2 | — |
Phytoseiidae | — | 2 |
Parasitidae | — | 4 |
群落类型 Community type | 划分标准Criteria |
---|---|
M | M>50% |
G | G>50% |
P | P>50% |
O | 20%≤M, G, P≤50% |
MG | 20%≤M, G≤50%,P<20% |
GP | 20%≤G, P≤50%,M<20% |
MP | 20%≤M, P≤50%,G<20% |
表2 甲螨群落类型划分标准
Table 2 Classification criteria of community types on soil mites (Oribatida)
群落类型 Community type | 划分标准Criteria |
---|---|
M | M>50% |
G | G>50% |
P | P>50% |
O | 20%≤M, G, P≤50% |
MG | 20%≤M, G≤50%,P<20% |
GP | 20%≤G, P≤50%,M<20% |
MP | 20%≤M, P≤50%,G<20% |
科 Family | 属 Genus | R | R+G | R+M+G | R+Z | 合计Total | |||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ind | Dom | Ind | Dom | Ind | Dom | Ind | Dom | Ind | Dom | ||||||||||||||
尾足螨科Uropodidae | 尾足螨属Uropoda | 2 | + | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | + | ||||||||||||
孔洞螨科Trematuridae | 内特螨属Nenteria | 104 | +++ | 12 | ++ | 1 | + | 19 | ++ | 136 | ++ | ||||||||||||
二爪螨科Dinychidae | 二爪螨属Dinychus | 2 | + | — | — | — | — | 1 | + | 3 | + | ||||||||||||
穴螨科Zerconidae | 后穴螨属Metazercon | 1 | + | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | + | ||||||||||||
寄螨科Parasitidae | 新革螨属Noegamasus | 13 | ++ | 22 | ++ | 7 | ++ | 33 | ++ | 75 | ++ | ||||||||||||
寄螨属Parasitus | 1 | + | 21 | ++ | 5 | ++ | 18 | ++ | 45 | ++ | |||||||||||||
胭螨科Rhodacaridae | 胭螨属Rhodacarus | 25 | ++ | 11 | ++ | 6 | ++ | 40 | ++ | 82 | ++ | ||||||||||||
土革螨科Ologamasidae | 革伊螨属Gamasiphis | 2 | + | 1 | + | — | — | 1 | + | 4 | + | ||||||||||||
巨螯螨科Macrochelidae | 巨鳌螨属Macrocheles | 2 | + | — | — | 6 | ++ | 1 | + | 9 | + | ||||||||||||
派伦螨科Parholaspididae | 派伦螨属Parholaspulus | 71 | +++ | 156 | +++ | 18 | ++ | 54 | +++ | 299 | +++ | ||||||||||||
厚厉螨科Pachylaelapidae | 厚厉螨属Pachylaelaps | — | — | 52 | +++ | 38 | +++ | 36 | ++ | 126 | ++ | ||||||||||||
厚绥螨属Pachyseius | 2 | + | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | + | |||||||||||||
植绥螨科Phytoseiidae | 钝绥螨属Amblyseius | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | + | 1 | + | ||||||||||||
蠊螨科Blattisoiidae | 手绥螨属Cheiroseius | 2 | + | — | — | 1 | + | — | — | 3 | + | ||||||||||||
毛绥螨属Lasioseius | 6 | ++ | — | — | — | — | — | — | 6 | + | |||||||||||||
北绥螨属Arctoseius | — | — | 1 | + | 2 | ++ | — | — | 3 | + | |||||||||||||
厉螨科Laelapidae | 广厉螨属Cosmolaelaps | 3 | + | 6 | ++ | — | — | 1 | + | 10 | + | ||||||||||||
殖厉螨属Geolaelaps | — | — | 17 | ++ | 1 | + | 2 | + | 20 | ++ | |||||||||||||
异寄螨属Alloparasitus | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | + | 1 | + | |||||||||||||
土厉螨属Ololaelaps | — | — | 7 | ++ | 12 | ++ | 27 | ++ | 46 | ++ | |||||||||||||
微绒螨科Microtrombidiidae | 棘绒螨属Echinothrombium | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | + | 1 | + | ||||||||||||
微绒螨属Microtrombidium | 2 | + | — | — | 1 | + | 4 | ++ | 7 | + | |||||||||||||
阴绒螨科Stygothrombidiidae | 阴绒螨属Stygothrombium | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | + | 1 | + | ||||||||||||
长须螨科Stigmaeidae | 长须螨属Stigmaeus | — | — | 1 | + | — | — | — | — | 1 | + | ||||||||||||
细须螨科 Tenuipalpidae | 短须螨属Brevipalpus | — | — | 1 | + | — | — | — | — | 1 | + | ||||||||||||
缝甲螨科Hypochthoniidae | 缝甲螨属Hypochthonius | — | — | 3 | + | — | — | 11 | ++ | 14 | + | ||||||||||||
短缝甲螨科Eniochthoniidae | 短缝甲螨属Eniochthonius | — | — | 1 | + | — | — | — | — | 1 | + | ||||||||||||
罗甲螨科Lohmanniidae | 罗甲螨属Lohmannia | — | — | 2 | + | — | — | 2 | + | 4 | + | ||||||||||||
毛罗甲螨属Vepracarus | — | — | 11 | ++ | — | — | 2 | + | 13 | + | |||||||||||||
全罗甲螨科Perlohmanniidae | 全罗甲螨属Perlohmannia | — | — | 1 | + | — | — | — | — | 1 | + | ||||||||||||
上罗甲螨科Epilohmanniidae | 上罗甲螨属Epilohmannia | — | — | — | — | 1 | + | — | — | 1 | + | ||||||||||||
真卷甲螨科Euphthiracaridae | 三皱甲螨属Rhysotritia | 4 | + | 18 | ++ | 5 | ++ | 13 | ++ | 40 | ++ | ||||||||||||
洼甲螨科Camisiidae | 洼甲螨属Camisia | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | + | 1 | + | ||||||||||||
矮汉甲螨科Nanhermanniidae | 矮汉甲螨属Nanhermannia | — | — | — | — | 1 | + | 1 | + | 2 | + | ||||||||||||
礼服甲螨科Trhypochthoniidae | 礼服甲螨属Trhypochthonius | — | — | 6 | ++ | — | — | 1 | + | 7 | + | ||||||||||||
盲甲螨科Malaconothridae | 盲甲螨属Malaconothrus | — | — | 4 | + | — | — | — | — | 4 | + | ||||||||||||
沙甲螨科Eremulidae | 沙甲螨属Eremulus | — | — | — | — | 1 | + | 11 | ++ | 12 | ++ | ||||||||||||
丽甲螨科Liacaridae | 矛歪甲螨属Dorycranosus | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | + | 2 | + | ||||||||||||
丽甲螨属Liacarus | — | — | — | — | 1 | + | 3 | + | 4 | + | |||||||||||||
阿斯甲螨科Astegistidae | 刀肋甲螨属Cultroribula | — | — | 1 | + | — | — | — | — | 1 | + | ||||||||||||
剑甲螨科Gustaviidae | 剑甲螨属Gustavia | 3 | + | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | + | ||||||||||||
奥甲螨科Oppiidae | 弓奥甲螨属Arcoppia | 13 | ++ | 10 | ++ | — | — | 2 | + | 25 | ++ | ||||||||||||
桂奥甲螨属Lauroppia | — | — | 3 | + | 9 | ++ | 2 | + | 14 | + | |||||||||||||
微奥甲螨属Microppia | 1 | + | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | + | |||||||||||||
多奥甲螨属Multioppia | 3 | + | — | — | — | — | 2 | + | 5 | + | |||||||||||||
奥甲螨属Oppia | — | — | 1 | + | — | — | — | — | 1 | + | |||||||||||||
小奥甲螨属Oppiella | 9 | ++ | 7 | ++ | 1 | + | 5 | ++ | 22 | ++ | |||||||||||||
尖奥甲螨属Oxyoppia | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | + | 1 | + | |||||||||||||
伪美奥甲螨属Pseudoamerioppia | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | + | 1 | + | |||||||||||||
枝奥甲螨属Ramusella | — | — | 3 | + | — | — | 1 | + | 4 | + | |||||||||||||
盖头甲螨科Tectocepheidae | 盖头甲螨属Tectocepheus | 225 | +++ | 22 | ++ | 61 | +++ | 43 | +++ | 351 | +++ | ||||||||||||
角翼甲螨科Achipteriidae | 角翼甲螨属Achipteria | 1 | + | — | — | 1 | + | 3 | + | 5 | + | ||||||||||||
副角翼甲螨属Parachipteria | 2 | + | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | + | |||||||||||||
科 Family | 属 Genus | R | R+G | R+M+G | R+Z | 合计Total | |||||||||||||||||
Ind | Dom | Ind | Dom | Ind | Dom | Ind | Dom | Ind | Dom | ||||||||||||||
若甲螨科Oribatulidae | 若甲螨属Oribatula | — | — | 1 | + | — | — | 18 | ++ | 19 | ++ | ||||||||||||
合若甲螨属Zygoribatula | — | — | 4 | + | 3 | ++ | — | — | 7 | + | |||||||||||||
山足甲螨科Oripodidae | 山足甲螨属Oripoda | 5 | + | 5 | ++ | — | — | — | — | 10 | + | ||||||||||||
杆棱甲螨科Mochlozetidae | 杆棱甲螨属Mochlozetes | 4 | + | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4 | + | ||||||||||||
单翼甲螨科Haplozetidae | 单翼甲螨属Haplozetes | 9 | ++ | 1 | + | — | — | 11 | ++ | 21 | ++ | ||||||||||||
全单翼甲螨属Perxylobates | — | — | 3 | + | 2 | ++ | — | — | 5 | + | |||||||||||||
大翼甲螨科Galumnidae | 大翼甲螨属Galumna | 2 | + | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | + | ||||||||||||
全大翼甲螨属Pergalumna | 3 | + | 1 | + | — | — | 5 | ++ | 9 | + | |||||||||||||
毛大翼甲螨属Trichogalumna | 2 | + | — | — | — | — | 3 | + | 5 | + | |||||||||||||
薄口螨科Histiostomatidae | 薄口螨属Histiostoma | 1 | + | 1 | + | — | — | 9 | ++ | 11 | + | ||||||||||||
食甜螨科Glycyphagidae | 食甜螨属Glycyhagus | — | — | — | — | 1 | + | 3 | + | 4 | + |
表3 土壤螨类群落组成和数量分布
Table 3 Composition and quantitative distribution of soil mites community
科 Family | 属 Genus | R | R+G | R+M+G | R+Z | 合计Total | |||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ind | Dom | Ind | Dom | Ind | Dom | Ind | Dom | Ind | Dom | ||||||||||||||
尾足螨科Uropodidae | 尾足螨属Uropoda | 2 | + | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | + | ||||||||||||
孔洞螨科Trematuridae | 内特螨属Nenteria | 104 | +++ | 12 | ++ | 1 | + | 19 | ++ | 136 | ++ | ||||||||||||
二爪螨科Dinychidae | 二爪螨属Dinychus | 2 | + | — | — | — | — | 1 | + | 3 | + | ||||||||||||
穴螨科Zerconidae | 后穴螨属Metazercon | 1 | + | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | + | ||||||||||||
寄螨科Parasitidae | 新革螨属Noegamasus | 13 | ++ | 22 | ++ | 7 | ++ | 33 | ++ | 75 | ++ | ||||||||||||
寄螨属Parasitus | 1 | + | 21 | ++ | 5 | ++ | 18 | ++ | 45 | ++ | |||||||||||||
胭螨科Rhodacaridae | 胭螨属Rhodacarus | 25 | ++ | 11 | ++ | 6 | ++ | 40 | ++ | 82 | ++ | ||||||||||||
土革螨科Ologamasidae | 革伊螨属Gamasiphis | 2 | + | 1 | + | — | — | 1 | + | 4 | + | ||||||||||||
巨螯螨科Macrochelidae | 巨鳌螨属Macrocheles | 2 | + | — | — | 6 | ++ | 1 | + | 9 | + | ||||||||||||
派伦螨科Parholaspididae | 派伦螨属Parholaspulus | 71 | +++ | 156 | +++ | 18 | ++ | 54 | +++ | 299 | +++ | ||||||||||||
厚厉螨科Pachylaelapidae | 厚厉螨属Pachylaelaps | — | — | 52 | +++ | 38 | +++ | 36 | ++ | 126 | ++ | ||||||||||||
厚绥螨属Pachyseius | 2 | + | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | + | |||||||||||||
植绥螨科Phytoseiidae | 钝绥螨属Amblyseius | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | + | 1 | + | ||||||||||||
蠊螨科Blattisoiidae | 手绥螨属Cheiroseius | 2 | + | — | — | 1 | + | — | — | 3 | + | ||||||||||||
毛绥螨属Lasioseius | 6 | ++ | — | — | — | — | — | — | 6 | + | |||||||||||||
北绥螨属Arctoseius | — | — | 1 | + | 2 | ++ | — | — | 3 | + | |||||||||||||
厉螨科Laelapidae | 广厉螨属Cosmolaelaps | 3 | + | 6 | ++ | — | — | 1 | + | 10 | + | ||||||||||||
殖厉螨属Geolaelaps | — | — | 17 | ++ | 1 | + | 2 | + | 20 | ++ | |||||||||||||
异寄螨属Alloparasitus | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | + | 1 | + | |||||||||||||
土厉螨属Ololaelaps | — | — | 7 | ++ | 12 | ++ | 27 | ++ | 46 | ++ | |||||||||||||
微绒螨科Microtrombidiidae | 棘绒螨属Echinothrombium | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | + | 1 | + | ||||||||||||
微绒螨属Microtrombidium | 2 | + | — | — | 1 | + | 4 | ++ | 7 | + | |||||||||||||
阴绒螨科Stygothrombidiidae | 阴绒螨属Stygothrombium | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | + | 1 | + | ||||||||||||
长须螨科Stigmaeidae | 长须螨属Stigmaeus | — | — | 1 | + | — | — | — | — | 1 | + | ||||||||||||
细须螨科 Tenuipalpidae | 短须螨属Brevipalpus | — | — | 1 | + | — | — | — | — | 1 | + | ||||||||||||
缝甲螨科Hypochthoniidae | 缝甲螨属Hypochthonius | — | — | 3 | + | — | — | 11 | ++ | 14 | + | ||||||||||||
短缝甲螨科Eniochthoniidae | 短缝甲螨属Eniochthonius | — | — | 1 | + | — | — | — | — | 1 | + | ||||||||||||
罗甲螨科Lohmanniidae | 罗甲螨属Lohmannia | — | — | 2 | + | — | — | 2 | + | 4 | + | ||||||||||||
毛罗甲螨属Vepracarus | — | — | 11 | ++ | — | — | 2 | + | 13 | + | |||||||||||||
全罗甲螨科Perlohmanniidae | 全罗甲螨属Perlohmannia | — | — | 1 | + | — | — | — | — | 1 | + | ||||||||||||
上罗甲螨科Epilohmanniidae | 上罗甲螨属Epilohmannia | — | — | — | — | 1 | + | — | — | 1 | + | ||||||||||||
真卷甲螨科Euphthiracaridae | 三皱甲螨属Rhysotritia | 4 | + | 18 | ++ | 5 | ++ | 13 | ++ | 40 | ++ | ||||||||||||
洼甲螨科Camisiidae | 洼甲螨属Camisia | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | + | 1 | + | ||||||||||||
矮汉甲螨科Nanhermanniidae | 矮汉甲螨属Nanhermannia | — | — | — | — | 1 | + | 1 | + | 2 | + | ||||||||||||
礼服甲螨科Trhypochthoniidae | 礼服甲螨属Trhypochthonius | — | — | 6 | ++ | — | — | 1 | + | 7 | + | ||||||||||||
盲甲螨科Malaconothridae | 盲甲螨属Malaconothrus | — | — | 4 | + | — | — | — | — | 4 | + | ||||||||||||
沙甲螨科Eremulidae | 沙甲螨属Eremulus | — | — | — | — | 1 | + | 11 | ++ | 12 | ++ | ||||||||||||
丽甲螨科Liacaridae | 矛歪甲螨属Dorycranosus | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | + | 2 | + | ||||||||||||
丽甲螨属Liacarus | — | — | — | — | 1 | + | 3 | + | 4 | + | |||||||||||||
阿斯甲螨科Astegistidae | 刀肋甲螨属Cultroribula | — | — | 1 | + | — | — | — | — | 1 | + | ||||||||||||
剑甲螨科Gustaviidae | 剑甲螨属Gustavia | 3 | + | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | + | ||||||||||||
奥甲螨科Oppiidae | 弓奥甲螨属Arcoppia | 13 | ++ | 10 | ++ | — | — | 2 | + | 25 | ++ | ||||||||||||
桂奥甲螨属Lauroppia | — | — | 3 | + | 9 | ++ | 2 | + | 14 | + | |||||||||||||
微奥甲螨属Microppia | 1 | + | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | + | |||||||||||||
多奥甲螨属Multioppia | 3 | + | — | — | — | — | 2 | + | 5 | + | |||||||||||||
奥甲螨属Oppia | — | — | 1 | + | — | — | — | — | 1 | + | |||||||||||||
小奥甲螨属Oppiella | 9 | ++ | 7 | ++ | 1 | + | 5 | ++ | 22 | ++ | |||||||||||||
尖奥甲螨属Oxyoppia | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | + | 1 | + | |||||||||||||
伪美奥甲螨属Pseudoamerioppia | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | + | 1 | + | |||||||||||||
枝奥甲螨属Ramusella | — | — | 3 | + | — | — | 1 | + | 4 | + | |||||||||||||
盖头甲螨科Tectocepheidae | 盖头甲螨属Tectocepheus | 225 | +++ | 22 | ++ | 61 | +++ | 43 | +++ | 351 | +++ | ||||||||||||
角翼甲螨科Achipteriidae | 角翼甲螨属Achipteria | 1 | + | — | — | 1 | + | 3 | + | 5 | + | ||||||||||||
副角翼甲螨属Parachipteria | 2 | + | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | + | |||||||||||||
科 Family | 属 Genus | R | R+G | R+M+G | R+Z | 合计Total | |||||||||||||||||
Ind | Dom | Ind | Dom | Ind | Dom | Ind | Dom | Ind | Dom | ||||||||||||||
若甲螨科Oribatulidae | 若甲螨属Oribatula | — | — | 1 | + | — | — | 18 | ++ | 19 | ++ | ||||||||||||
合若甲螨属Zygoribatula | — | — | 4 | + | 3 | ++ | — | — | 7 | + | |||||||||||||
山足甲螨科Oripodidae | 山足甲螨属Oripoda | 5 | + | 5 | ++ | — | — | — | — | 10 | + | ||||||||||||
杆棱甲螨科Mochlozetidae | 杆棱甲螨属Mochlozetes | 4 | + | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4 | + | ||||||||||||
单翼甲螨科Haplozetidae | 单翼甲螨属Haplozetes | 9 | ++ | 1 | + | — | — | 11 | ++ | 21 | ++ | ||||||||||||
全单翼甲螨属Perxylobates | — | — | 3 | + | 2 | ++ | — | — | 5 | + | |||||||||||||
大翼甲螨科Galumnidae | 大翼甲螨属Galumna | 2 | + | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | + | ||||||||||||
全大翼甲螨属Pergalumna | 3 | + | 1 | + | — | — | 5 | ++ | 9 | + | |||||||||||||
毛大翼甲螨属Trichogalumna | 2 | + | — | — | — | — | 3 | + | 5 | + | |||||||||||||
薄口螨科Histiostomatidae | 薄口螨属Histiostoma | 1 | + | 1 | + | — | — | 9 | ++ | 11 | + | ||||||||||||
食甜螨科Glycyphagidae | 食甜螨属Glycyhagus | — | — | — | — | 1 | + | 3 | + | 4 | + |
模式 Mode | 科数 Family quantity | 属数 Genus quantity | 个体数量 Individual quantity | 个体密度 Individual density/m-2 |
---|---|---|---|---|
R | 23 | 31 | 525 | 1 858 |
R+G | 25 | 35 | 417 | 1 476 |
R+M+G | 20 | 24 | 185 | 655 |
R+Z | 28 | 42 | 397 | 1 405 |
合计Total | 41 | 64 | 1 524 | 1 348 |
表4 土壤螨类科数、属数、个体数量和个体密度分布
Table 4 Distribution of family quantity, genus quantity, individual quantity and individual density of soil mites
模式 Mode | 科数 Family quantity | 属数 Genus quantity | 个体数量 Individual quantity | 个体密度 Individual density/m-2 |
---|---|---|---|---|
R | 23 | 31 | 525 | 1 858 |
R+G | 25 | 35 | 417 | 1 476 |
R+M+G | 20 | 24 | 185 | 655 |
R+Z | 28 | 42 | 397 | 1 405 |
合计Total | 41 | 64 | 1 524 | 1 348 |
图2 土壤螨类多样性指数(H')、优势度指数(C)、丰富度指数(SR)和均匀度指数(E)在4种模式下的分布 同一指标柱上无相同字母的表示处理间差异显著(P<0.05)。
Fig.2 Distribution of diversity index (H'), dominance index (C), richness index (SR), and evenness index (E) of soil mite under four modes Bars marked without the same letters indicated significant difference at P<0.05 under the same index.
模式Mode | R+G | R+M+G | R+Z |
---|---|---|---|
R | 0.27 | 0.28 | 0.38 |
R+G | 0.34 | 0.45 | |
R+M+G | 0.35 |
表5 不同模式之间土壤螨类群落的相似性
Table 5 Similarity of soil mite community among four modes
模式Mode | R+G | R+M+G | R+Z |
---|---|---|---|
R | 0.27 | 0.28 | 0.38 |
R+G | 0.34 | 0.45 | |
R+M+G | 0.35 |
模式mode | MI | 类群Group |
---|---|---|
R | 0.51±0.14 | K |
R+G | 0.38±0.11 | r |
R+M+G | 0.48±0.30 | r |
R+Z | 0.30±0.04 | r |
表6 不同模式的捕食性土壤革螨(Gamasina)的成熟度指数(MI)值和主要生态类群类型
Table 6 MI values and main ecological groups of predatory soil mites (Gamasina) under four modes
模式mode | MI | 类群Group |
---|---|---|
R | 0.51±0.14 | K |
R+G | 0.38±0.11 | r |
R+M+G | 0.48±0.30 | r |
R+Z | 0.30±0.04 | r |
模式 Mode | 类群数比例 Genera proportion/% | 个体数比例 Individual proportion/% | 群落类型 Community type | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
M | G | P | M | G | P | |||||
R | 3.67±0.06 | 41.33±0.05 | 54.67±0.10 | P | 0.67±0.01 | 80.33±0.19 | 19.00±0.19 | G | ||
R+G | 37.33±0.10 | 39.33±0.01 | 23.67±0.10 | O | 39.67±0.10 | 44.67±0.05 | 16.00±0.09 | MG | ||
R+M+G | 26.67±0.36 | 61.00±0.35 | 12.67±0.22 | G | 11.33±0.17 | 83.00±0.16 | 5.67±0.10 | G | ||
R+Z | 22.00±0.09 | 50.67±0.11 | 27.00±0.05 | G | 18.67±0.05 | 54.67±0.17 | 26.67±0.15 | G |
表7 不同模式的甲螨群落结构
Table 7 Community structure of soil mite (Oribatida) under four modes
模式 Mode | 类群数比例 Genera proportion/% | 个体数比例 Individual proportion/% | 群落类型 Community type | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
M | G | P | M | G | P | |||||
R | 3.67±0.06 | 41.33±0.05 | 54.67±0.10 | P | 0.67±0.01 | 80.33±0.19 | 19.00±0.19 | G | ||
R+G | 37.33±0.10 | 39.33±0.01 | 23.67±0.10 | O | 39.67±0.10 | 44.67±0.05 | 16.00±0.09 | MG | ||
R+M+G | 26.67±0.36 | 61.00±0.35 | 12.67±0.22 | G | 11.33±0.17 | 83.00±0.16 | 5.67±0.10 | G | ||
R+Z | 22.00±0.09 | 50.67±0.11 | 27.00±0.05 | G | 18.67±0.05 | 54.67±0.17 | 26.67±0.15 | G |
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