浙江农业学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (9): 1905-1913.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20240808

• 园艺科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

砂培和土壤栽培对黄瓜生长、产量与品质的影响

吴菊1(), 杨飞1, 吴国泉1, 傅贤1, 徐晨光2,*()   

  1. 1 舟山市农业科学研究院, 浙江 舟山 316000,
    2 舟山市农技推广中心, 浙江 舟山 316100
  • 收稿日期:2024-08-01 出版日期:2025-09-25 发布日期:2025-10-15
  • 作者简介:徐晨光,E-mail:1142473554@qq.com
    吴菊(1979—),女,江苏睢宁人,学士,高级农艺师,研究方向为现代农业技术。E-mail:7032249@qq.com
  • 通讯作者: 徐晨光
  • 基金资助:
    2024年舟山市基础研究项目(2024C31028)

Effects of sand culture and soil culture on growth, yield, and quality of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)

WU Ju1(), YANG Fei1, WU Guoquan1, FU Xian1, XU Chenguang2,*()   

  1. 1 Zhoushan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhoushan 316000, Zhejiang, China
    2 Zhoushan Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Zhoushan 316100, Zhejiang, China
  • Received:2024-08-01 Online:2025-09-25 Published:2025-10-15
  • Contact: XU Chenguang

摘要:

基于物联网和水肥一体化技术,比较砂培和土壤栽培(土培)对黄瓜生长、产量和品质的影响。以黄瓜品种津绿秋亮、津绿107、津绿2136、津绿265和中华油亮王为材料,测定砂培和土培条件下5个黄瓜品种的植株农艺性状、果实产量和果实品质指标。结果表明,与土培相比,砂培显著(p<0.05)增加了黄瓜株高,但茎粗方面,土培则表现更优。砂培条件下4个黄瓜品种的小区产量显著高于土培。品质方面,4个黄瓜品种在砂培条件下的蔗糖合成酶活性显著高于土培,3个黄瓜品种的维生素C含量显著低于土培,5个黄瓜品种的可溶性糖含量显著低于土培。矿质元素方面,砂培条件下多数黄瓜品种的镁和钾含量显著低于土培,而锰和铁含量差异不显著。本研究结果为黄瓜现代化栽培技术提供了理论依据。

关键词: 黄瓜, 水肥一体化, 砂培, 土壤栽培, 矿质元素, 产量

Abstract:

Based on internet of things and integrated water-fertilization technology, the effects of sand culture and soil culture on the growth, yield, and quality of cucumber were studied. Using the cucumber varieties Jinlyu Qiuliang, Jinlyu 107, Jinlyu 2136, Jinlyu 265, and Zhonghua Youliangwang as materials, the plant agronomic traits, fruit yield, and fruit quality indicators of these five cultivars were measured under both sand culture and soil culture. The results showed that, compared with soil culture, sand culture significantly (p<0.05) increased plant height; however, soil culture resulted in greater stem diameter. The plot yield of four cucumber cultivars under sand culture was significantly higher than that under soil culture. In terms of quality, sucrose synthase activity was significantly higher in four sand-cultured cucumber cultivars, while vitamin C content was significantly lower in three sand cultured cucumber cultivars, and soluble sugar content was significantly lower in five sand-cultivated cultivars. Regarding mineral elements, the magnesium and potassium content in most cultivars were significantly lower under sand culture, whereas no significant differences were observed in manganese and iron content. The findings of this study provide a theoretical basis for modern cultivation techniques in cucumber production.

Key words: Cucumis sativus L., integration of fertilizer and water, sand culture, soil culture, mineral element, yield

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