不同沼液施用量对水稻生长、产量及重金属含量的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2017.12.02

浙江农业学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (12): 1963-1969.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2017.12.02

不同沼液施用量对水稻生长、产量及重金属含量的影响

邵文奇¹, 纪力¹, 孙春梅¹, 姜晓剑², 文廷刚¹, 唐金陵¹, 章安康^{1, *}

1.江苏徐淮地区淮阴农业科学研究所,江苏淮安 223001;
2.淮阴师范学院生命科学学院,江苏淮安 223300

收稿日期:2017-05-27 出版日期:2017-12-20 发布日期:2018-01-08
通讯作者: 章安康,E-mail:2530326440@qq.com
作者简介:邵文奇(1985—),男,江苏淮安人,硕士,副研究员,主要从事土壤肥料、作物栽培等方面的研究。E-mail:wqshao1103@sina.com
基金资助:
江苏省农业科技自主创新资金[CX(16)1003-10]

Effects of application rate of biogas slurry on growth, grain yield and heavy metals contents of rice

SHAO Wenqi¹, JI Li¹, SUN Chunmei¹, JIANG Xiaojian², WEN Tinggang¹, TANG Jinling¹, ZHANG Ankang^{1, *}

1. Huaiyin Institute of Agricultural Sciences of Xuhuai Region in Jiangsu, Huai'an 223001, China;
2. School of Life Sciences, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an 223300, China

Received:2017-05-27 Online:2017-12-20 Published:2018-01-08

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探讨沼液在水稻上的适宜用量用法,以规模化养殖场猪粪尿发酵的沼液作为肥源,以当地常规化学施肥为对照,研究不同沼液用量对水稻生长、产量、重金属含量等的影响。结果表明:当沼液总施用量低于750 t·hm^-2时,水稻株高有增加趋势,同时分蘖能力提高;当沼液总施用量大于750 t·hm^-2时,株高不再增加且分蘖能力显著(P<0.05)下降。施用沼液对叶片荧光强度影响较小,但不合适的沼液适用量下会对净光合速率(P_n)、气孔导度(G_s)、蒸腾速率(T_r)等光合特性产生抑制作用。与传统化肥处理相比较,施用沼液显著(P<0.05)降低了水稻结实率、穗实粒数、千粒重等,但能提高总穗数,沼液施用量600 t·hm^-2时,水稻产量及其构成表现最好。沼液施用使水稻秸秆中汞、铬、铜、砷等重金属含量均有不同程度增加,存在一定的重金属风险,但籽粒中重金属含量未见增加,且符合中国食品中重金属限量标准(GB 2762—2012),不存在重金属超标风险。综合来看,沼液总施用量600 t·hm^-2(基肥:追肥=1:1)较为适宜。

关键词: 沼液, 肥效, 水稻, 重金属, 食品安全

Abstract: To investigate the appropriate application rate and method of biogas slurry on rice, the pig manure from large-scale farms was fermented as fertilizer in the experiment to study the effects of different application rate of biogas slurry on rice growth, yield and heavy metals concentrations. It was shown that when the total amount of biogas slurry was below 750 t·hm^-2, the height and tillering ability of rice were improved, while the height no longer increased and tillering ability significantly (P<0.05) decreased when the application amount was above 750 t·hm^-2. The application of biogas slurry had little effect on the fluorescence intensity of rice leaf, but inhibited the photosynthetic intensity, such as net photosynthesis rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate. Compared with conventional fertilizer treatment, the biogas slurry treatments significantly (P<0.05) decreased rice seed setting rate, filled grain number per panicle and 1 000-grain weight, yet increased the total spike number. The application rate of 600 t·hm^-2 was appropriate to improve rice yield and its components. However, the biogas slurry treatments had potential risks for heavy metals accumulation in rice straw, as the contents of heavy metals such as Hg, Cr, Cu, As were increased in rice straw compared with conventional fertilizer. But, this risk was not found in grains. Furthermore, the contents of heavy metals in grain had no significant changes and were all met with the national standard of GB 2762-2012. In general, the application of 600 t·hm^-2 biogas slurry (basic fertilizer:topdressing=1:1) was appropriate for rice production.

Key words: biogas slurry, fertilizer effect, rice, heavy metal, food security

中图分类号:

S145.2

邵文奇, 纪力, 孙春梅, 姜晓剑, 文廷刚, 唐金陵, 章安康. 不同沼液施用量对水稻生长、产量及重金属含量的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2017, 29(12): 1963-1969.

SHAO Wenqi, JI Li, SUN Chunmei, JIANG Xiaojian, WEN Tinggang, TANG Jinling, ZHANG Ankang. Effects of application rate of biogas slurry on growth, grain yield and heavy metals contents of rice[J]. , 2017, 29(12): 1963-1969.

参考文献

[1] 李庆逵, 朱兆良, 于天仁. 中国农业持续发展中的肥料问题[M]. 南昌: 江西科学技术出版社,1998.
[2] 张进, 张妙仙, 单胜道,等. 沼液对水稻生长产量及其重金属含量的影响[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 2009, 28(10):2005-2009.
ZHANG J, ZHANG M X, SHAN S D, et al. Growth status, grain yield and heavy metals content of rice ( Oryza sativa L.) as affected by biogas slurry application[J]. Journal of Agro-Environment Science , 2009, 28(10): 2005-2009. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[3] 倪亮, 孙广辉, 罗光恩,等. 沼液灌溉对土壤质量的影响[J]. 土壤, 2008, 40(4):608-611.
NI L, SUN G H, LUO G E, et al. Effect of marsh gas sewage irrigation on soil quality[J]. Soils , 2008, 40(4): 608-611. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[4] 黄世文, 廖西元. 沼肥用于水稻的现状及展望[J]. 中国沼气, 2005, 23(2):23-26.
HUANG S W, LIAO X Y. Progress and prospect of biogas fermentation residues (MFR) application on rice planting[J]. China Biogas , 2005, 23(2): 23-26. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[5] 夏汉平, 敖惠修. 沼气发酵在复合农业生态系统中的作用[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 1996, 12(4):47-50.
XIA H P, AO H X. Biogas system and its roles in complex agroecosystem[J]. Rural Eco-Environment , 1996, 12(4):47-50. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[6] 王惠霞, 张坐省. 沼液中的化学物质及在农业生产上的应用[J]. 陕西农业科学, 2006(3):89-91.
WANG H X, ZHANG Z S. Application of liquid biogas residue in agricultural production[J]. Shaanxi Journal of Agricultural Sciences , 2006 (3): 89-91. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[7] 王远远, 刘荣厚. 沼液综合利用研究进展[J]. 安徽农业科学, 2007, 35(4):1089-1091.
WANG Y Y, LIU R H. Progress of comprehensive utilization of biogas slurry[J]. Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences , 2007, 35(4): 1089-1091. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[8] 郭强, 柴晓利, 程海静,等. 沼液的综合利用[J]. 再生资源研究, 2005(6):37-41.
GUO Q, CHAI X L, CHENG H J, et al. Comprehensive utilizing of biogas liquid residue[J]. Recycling Research , 2005 (6): 37-41. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[9] 张亚莉, 董仁杰, 刘玉青. 沼肥在农业生产中的应用[J]. 安徽农业科学, 2007, 35(35):11549-11550.
ZHANG Y L, DONG R J, LIU Y Q. Application of biogas manure in agriculture production[J]. Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences , 2007, 35(35): 11549-11550. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[10] SORENSEN P, AMATO M. Remineralisation and residual effects of N after application of pig slurry to soil[J]. European Journal of Agronomy , 2002, 16(2):81-95.
[11] 黄继川, 彭智平, 徐培智,等. 沼液稻田消解对水稻生产、土壤肥力及环境安全的影响[J]. 广东农业科学, 2016, 43(10):69-76.
HUANG J C, PENG Z P, XU P Z, et al. Effects of paddy field disposal of biogas slurry on rice production, soil fertility and environmental safety[J]. Guangdong Agricultural Sciences , 2016, 43(10): 69-76. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[12] GERICKE D, BORNEMANN L, KAGE H, et al. Modelling ammonia losses after field application of biogas slurry in energy crop rotations[J]. Water Air & Soil Pollution , 2012, 223(1):29-47.
[13] 戴德球, 范伟胤, 李冀武,等. 水稻施用沼液生产试验报告[J]. 中国沼气, 2000, 18(2):34-35.
DAI D Q, FAN W Y, LI J W, et al. Report of biogas slurry application on rice[J]. China Biogas ,2000,18(2):34-35. (in Chinese)
[14] L'HERROUX L, ROUX S L, APPRIOU P, et al. Behaviour of metals following intensive pig slurry applications to a natural field treatment process in Brittany (France)[J]. Environmental Pollution , 1997, 97(1/2):119-130.
[15] BABEL S, DEL M D D. Heavy metal removal from contaminated sludge for land application: a review[J]. Waste Management , 2006, 26(9):988-1004.
[16] 史一鸣. 稻田生态系统消解沼液的潜力及风险评估[D]. 杭州:浙江大学, 2010.
SHI Y M. The potential capacity for paddy field ecosystem to decontaminate biogas slurry and its risks assessment[D]. Hangzhou: Zhejiang University, 2010.
[17] 姜丽娜, 王强, 陈丁江,等. 沼液稻田消解对水稻生产、土壤与环境安全影响研究[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 2011, 30(7):1328-1336.
JIANG L N, WANG Q, CHEN D J, et al. Effects of paddy field disposal of biogas slurry on the rice production, soil quality and environmental safety[J]. Journal of Agro-Environment Science , 2011, 30(7): 1328-1336. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[18] 赵凤莲, 孙钦平, 李吉进,等. 不同来源沼肥对油菜、西芹产量及氮素利用率的影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2011, 27(8):156-161.
ZHAO F L, SUN Q P, LI J J, et al. Effects of different biogas fertilizers on the yield and nitrogen use efficiency of the rape and western celery[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin , 2011, 27(8): 156-161. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[19] 李剑睿, 苏芳, 黄彬香,等. 鸡粪施入农田土壤的氨挥发研究[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 2009, 28(9):1959-1964.
LI J R, SU F, HUANG B X, et al. Ammonia volatilization from field-applied chicken manure in Beijing[J]. Journal of Agro-Environment Science , 2009, 28(9): 1959-1964. (in Chinese with English abstract)

不同沼液施用量对水稻生长、产量及重金属含量的影响

Effects of application rate of biogas slurry on growth, grain yield and heavy metals contents of rice

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

可视化

被引次数

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	陈丹, 汤翠凤, 董超, 甘树仙, 李俊, 阿新祥, 张斐斐, 杨雅云, 牛赛赛, 戴陆园. 云南软米地方品种籽粒淀粉品质特性研究[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2021, 33(2): 203-214.
[2]	邹文雄, 吴伟, 关亚静, 曹栋栋, 卞晓波, 施德云, 丁丽玲. 水稻种子休眠调控技术研究进展[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2021, 33(2): 369-379.
[3]	钱家炜, 刘晓青, 张静静, 周卫红, 李建龙. 张家港市农田土壤重金属含量高光谱遥感监测模型构建[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2020, 32(8): 1437-1445.
[4]	谷建诚, 郭彬, 林义成, 傅庆林, 刘琛, 丁能飞, 李华, 李凝玉. 根表铁膜对水稻镉吸收的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2020, 32(6): 963-970.
[5]	刘春林, 张建, 彭益书, 倪莘然, 杨瑞东. 贵州雷山茶区土壤-茶叶重金属含量特征及饮茶风险评价[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2020, 32(6): 1049-1059.
[6]	夏文建, 秦文婧, 刘佳, 陈晓芬, 张丽芳, 曹卫东, 徐昌旭, 陈静蕊. 长期绿肥利用下红壤性水稻土有机碳和可溶性有机碳的垂直分布特征[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2020, 32(5): 878-885.
[7]	邵文奇, 钟平, 董玉兵, 孙春梅, 纪力, 庄春, 陈川, 章安康. 托盘育苗中光温资源差异及其对水稻秧苗素质的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2020, 32(2): 191-199.
[8]	倪治华, 孙万春, 林辉, 钟杭, 朱伟锋, 陆若辉, 马军伟. 浙江省畜禽粪源有机肥质量安全风险与控制对策[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2020, 32(2): 299-307.
[9]	杨红云, 罗建军, 孙爱珍, 万颖, 易文龙. 基于图像特征的水稻叶片全氮含量估测模型研究[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2020, 32(12): 2232-2243.
[10]	吉小凤, 吕文涛, 汪建妹, 廖琳慧, 徐杰, 钱鸣蓉. 超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定鲜鸡蛋中氟虫腈及其代谢物残留[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2020, 32(10): 1849-1854.
[11]	张馨月, 李友发, 刘江宁, 富昊伟. 利用广亲和基因S5-n的功能标记鉴定特殊配组类型杂交种纯度研究[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2020, 32(1): 15-19.
[12]	黄健, 肖建中, 唐世刚, 郑强, 丁枫华, 张东旭. 添加蒙脱石对猪粪好氧堆肥腐熟度和重金属钝化的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2020, 32(1): 141-148.
[13]	邴静静, 高红梅. 基于SWOT分析的天津市优质稻米产业发展研究--以"小站稻"为例[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2019, 31(8): 1217-1223.
[14]	潘俊峰, 钟旭华, 黄农荣, 刘彦卓, 田卡, 梁开明, 彭碧琳, 傅友强, 胡香玉. 不同栽培模式对华南双季晚稻产量和氮肥利用率的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2019, 31(6): 857-868.
[15]	何海燕, 柴荣耀, 邱海萍, 毛雪琴, 王艳丽, 孙国仓. 五个抗稻瘟病基因在浙江省水稻品种中的分布和抗性评价[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2019, 31(6): 922-929.