Effects of staw-derived biochar on ammonia volatilization in tropical soil-rice system

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2021.04.13

Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis ›› 2021, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (4): 678-687.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2021.04.13

• Environmental Science • Previous Articles Next Articles

Effects of staw-derived biochar on ammonia volatilization in tropical soil-rice system

WU Peicong¹^,²(), ZHANG Peng²^,³, SHAN Ying², ZOU Ganghua², DING Zheli⁴, ZHU Zhiqiang¹^,^*(), ZHAO Fengliang²^,^*()

1. College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
2. Institute of Environmental and Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
3. College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
4. Haikou Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China

Received:2020-12-23 Online:2021-04-25 Published:2021-04-25
Contact: ZHU Zhiqiang,ZHAO Fengliang

Abstract

Abstract:

Ammonia volatilization is one of the main pathways of nitrogen loss in rice field. As a practical agronomic measure to improve soil quality and agricultural sustainability, the application of straw-derived biochar may effectively reduce ammonia volatilization emission. In this study, six treatments including no nitrogen fertilization (ON), only chemical fertilizer (CT), biochar (BI), biochar+chemical fertilizer (CBI), straw (ST) and straw+chemical fertilizer (CST) were set up in the soil column experiment to study the effects of direct returning and carbonized returning of rice straw on ammonia volatilization in tropical soil-rice system. The results showed that compared with straw direct returning to the field, biochar application reduced ammonia volatilization flux and accumulated ammonia volatilization amount in the rice field. Compared with CT, CBI treatment resulted in a 4.1% reduction in accumulated ammonia volatilization amount, mainly due to biochar’s unique physic-chemical properties, which decreased the concentration of soil ammonium nitrogen (NH₄⁺-N) through adsorption. Therefore, application of straw-derived biochar is an effective way to control ammonia volatilization and to reduce agricultural non-point source pollution in tropical soil-rice system.

Key words: rice straw, biochar, tropical soil-rice system, ammonia volatilization

CLC Number:

S141.4
S511

WU Peicong, ZHANG Peng, SHAN Ying, ZOU Ganghua, DING Zheli, ZHU Zhiqiang, ZHAO Fengliang. Effects of staw-derived biochar on ammonia volatilization in tropical soil-rice system[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2021, 33(4): 678-687.

Figures/Tables 10

References 37

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处理 Treatment	有机碳 SOC/ (g·kg^-1)	全氮 Total N/ (g·kg^-1)	全磷 Total P/ (g·kg^-1)	全钾 Total K/ (g·kg^-1)	速效磷 Available P/ (mg·kg^-1)	速效钾 Available K/ (mg·kg^-1)	阳离子交换量 CEC/ (cmol·kg^-1)	pH
ON	6.44	0.64	0.75	12.25	83.0	142.0	4.37	6.46
CT	7.31	0.77	0.82	12.06	94.6	136.2	3.36	5.41
CST	8.35	0.91	0.78	11.65	77.9	121.4	4.73	5.85
CBI	15.89	0.87	0.71	11.12	91.1	151.2	3.89	5.81

处理 Treatment	有机碳 SOC/ (g·kg^-1)	全氮 Total N/ (g·kg^-1)	全磷 Total P/ (g·kg^-1)	全钾 Total K/ (g·kg^-1)	速效磷 Available P/ (mg·kg^-1)	速效钾 Available K/ (mg·kg^-1)	阳离子交换量 CEC/ (cmol·kg^-1)	pH
ON	6.44	0.64	0.75	12.25	83.0	142.0	4.37	6.46
CT	7.31	0.77	0.82	12.06	94.6	136.2	3.36	5.41
CST	8.35	0.91	0.78	11.65	77.9	121.4	4.73	5.85
CBI	15.89	0.87	0.71	11.12	91.1	151.2	3.89	5.81

处理 Treatment	基肥期 Basal fertilizer stage	分蘖肥期 Tiller fertilizer stage	穗肥期 Panicle fertilizer stage	全生长期 Whole growth period
BI	18.20±0.36 Ac	2.22±0.13 Be	0.58±0.03 Cc	21.00±0.52 e
ST	18.18±0.32 Ac	2.37±0.16 Bde	0.89±0.03 Ca	21.44±0.51 d
CBI	20.36±0.28 Ab	2.84±0.22 Bc	0.69±0.09 Cbc	23.89±0.59 c
CST	22.33±0.3 Aa	3.22±0.18 Bb	0.60±0.16 Cc	26.15±0.65 a
CT	20.43±0.54 Ab	3.66±0.31 Ba	0.80±0.09 Cab	24.90±0.94 b
ON	20.36±0.29 Ab	2.43±0.27 Bd	0.77±0.11 Cab	21.01±0.67 e

处理 Treatment	基肥期 Basal fertilizer stage	分蘖肥期 Tiller fertilizer stage	穗肥期 Panicle fertilizer stage	全生长期 Whole growth period
BI	18.20±0.36 Ac	2.22±0.13 Be	0.58±0.03 Cc	21.00±0.52 e
ST	18.18±0.32 Ac	2.37±0.16 Bde	0.89±0.03 Ca	21.44±0.51 d
CBI	20.36±0.28 Ab	2.84±0.22 Bc	0.69±0.09 Cbc	23.89±0.59 c
CST	22.33±0.3 Aa	3.22±0.18 Bb	0.60±0.16 Cc	26.15±0.65 a
CT	20.43±0.54 Ab	3.66±0.31 Ba	0.80±0.09 Cab	24.90±0.94 b
ON	20.36±0.29 Ab	2.43±0.27 Bd	0.77±0.11 Cab	21.01±0.67 e

处理 Treatment	基肥期 Basal fertilizer stage	分蘖肥期 Tiller fertilizer stage	穗肥期 Panicle fertilizer stage
BI	6.72±0.08 b	7.38±0.04 b	7.23±0.07 a
ST	7.18±0.11 a	7.59±0.06 a	7.38±0.05 a
CBI	6.74±0.06 b	6.92±0.06 c	7.48±0.03 a
CST	7.08±0.08 a	7.51±0.05 ab	7.44±0.04 a
CT	6.62±0.09 bc	6.88±0.08 c	7.08±0.05 b
ON	6.49±0.07 c	7.01±0.04 c	7.49±0.02 a

Effects of staw-derived biochar on ammonia volatilization in tropical soil-rice system

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指标 Index	氨挥发排放通量 Ammonia volatilization flux	田面水pH pH of surface water	田面水NH₄⁺-N NH₄⁺-N of surface water	田面水NO₃^--N NO₃^--N of surface water	土壤NH₄⁺-N Soil NH₄⁺-N
田面水pH	-0.135^*
pH of surface water
田面水NH₄⁺-N	0.344^**	-0.213^**
NH₄⁺-N of surface water
田面水NO₃^--N	0.324^**	-0.307^**	0.328^**
NO₃^--N of surface water
土壤NH₄⁺-N	0.741^**	-0.429^*	0.683^**	0.482^**
Soil NH₄⁺-N
土壤NO₃^--N	0.541^**	-0.501^**	0.556^**	0.452^**	0.802^**
Soil NO₃^--N

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