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25 July 2009, Volume 21 Issue 4 Previous Issue    Next Issue
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Physiological quality analysis of diferent peach cultivars WU Da—jun;CHEN Miao-jin;CHEN Ke-ming;SUN Qi-nan;WANG Zhong-hua 2009, 21(4):  0-365.  Abstract ( 2477 )   PDF (266KB) ( 2065 )   Seven peach cuitivars were used to study the fruit quality，the size，weight，firmness，total soluble solids，titratable acid，soluble sugar，organic acid，ethylene production rate and respiration rate of fruits were also detemained．The results showed that the new cultivar of‘'X2—5’ had the highest sugar／acid ratio，better flavor，hard firmness，but the peak of its ethylene and respiration rate came earlier than other cuitivars，indicating that the storage time of this cuitivar was possibly shorter than others．It was also found that three Japanese peaehes fruit had higher TSS and sugar／acid ratio，better flavor．Among which，'Akatsuki' fruit was the hardest，but its ethylene production was the lowest；‘Baili’ fruit also had lower ethylene and respiration rate The ‘Dayubaifeng’ fruit，whose size was the smallest，had highest ethylene and respiration rate． Related Articles | Metrics

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Anti-schistosome antibody levels in blood sel'UlIl of experimentally infected cattle and rabbits before and after treatment LU Fu-zhuang;FU Yuan;ZHAO Jun-ong;GU Xiao-gen;YU Guo-qiao;ZHANG Xue-juan 2009, 21(4):  0-320.  Abstract ( 1296 )   PDF (307KB) ( 1354 )   Anti—schistosome antibody levels in blood serum of experimentally infected 3 cattle and 3 rabbits before and after treatment were detected by Reagent Kit of DIGFA for Animal Schistosomiasis(RKDAS)．Anti—schistosome antibodies could be detected with RKDAS when Cattle 1，Cattle 2 and Cattle 3 had been infected by schistosome cercaria for 3，4 and 2 weeks，respectively．The antibodies could not be detected afterthe cattle had been treated with Praziquantel for 29，27 and 39 weeks，respectively．Meanwhile，the anti—schistosome antibodies could be detected by RKDAS when Rabbit 1，Rabbit 2 and Rabbit 3hadbeeninfected by schistosome cemaria for 3，3 and 4 weeks，respectiv由．The antibodies could not be detected after the rabbits had been treated with Praziquantel for 35，17 and 39 weeks，respectively．Compared with the feces hatching miracidium method，RKDAScould detect the diseased cattle and rabbits which were infected by schistosome 2 weeks earlier．The results suggested that RKDASCould be used for early detection of schistosomiasis in livesteck．If the livestock infected with schistosome had been treated with medicine for mole than 10 months，the detection results of RKDAS had an assessable therapeutic effect． Related Articles | Metrics

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Identification of Prunus necrotic ringspot virus from the rose samples in Haining，Zheijiang Province ZHU Liang-jun;SHANG Han-wu;*;ZHENG Dan;HUANG Te—yue 2009, 21(4):  0-369.  Abstract ( 1296 )   PDF (246KB) ( 1371 )   A survey on Prunus necrotic ringspot virus disease of plants in Hangzhou，Shaoxing and Jiaxing areas was undertaken during 2007—2008．Total 102 samples oftwelve fruit and ornamental host plants including cherry，peach，plum，almond．and lose were collected for detection．The results showed that 10 of 14 rose samples from Haining county welo DASELISA positive．which was then comfmned by RT-PCR and sequencing of the CP gene．It Was concluded that these ten rose samples from Haining County，Zhejiang Province，were infected by Prunus necrotic ringspot virus. Related Articles | Metrics

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The occurrence，damage and control index of Liberobacter asiaticum YU Ji-hua;WANG En—guo;* 2009, 21(4):  0-374.  Abstract ( 981 )   PDF (333KB) ( 1525 )   Based on the results of occurrence，damage and control index of Liberobacter asiaticum from 2002 to 2006，the dynamic trend and trajectory model of the occurrence Liberobacter asiaticum in citrus orchards were discussed．The correlation equation between the amount of citrus psylla per tree and the infection rate of citrus psylla was m=0．0302Mp一0．1145(n=9，r=0．9771**)．The correlation equation between the infection rate of citrus psylla and the infection plant rate of Liberobacter asiaticum was P=0．8960 Mp一4．5754(n=36，r=0．9479**)．The correlation equation between the infection rate of citrus psylla and the incidence rate of Liberobacter asiaticum was D=0．5085P+3．5167(n=7，r=0．7507**). The relationship between the infection rate of Liberobacter asiaticum and yielding loss rate has been investigated，showing Y=3．1469P一0．5354(n=6，r=0．9979**). Based on the allowable economic level，the statistic control index of Liberobacter asiaticum was 1．0％ of the incidence rate and early warning index was 4％ of the infection rate of citrus psylla．It was suggested that early shooting stage of citrus trees(spring shoots，summer shoots，autumn shoots)was all optimum control period for citrus psylla．The control index was 0．1 citrus psylla per tree(efective pest amount of 5 shoots on eastern，western，southern，northern，central branches)．It was shown that the applied control index was in accordance with the practical situation． Related Articles | Metrics

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Acute toxicity and safety evaluation of four organosilicon surfactants to zebrafish WU Sheng—gan;WU Chang—xing;CHEN Li—ping;CANG Tao;YU Rui—xian;ZHAO Xue—ping* 2009, 21(4):  0-398.  Abstract ( 1053 )   PDF (289KB) ( 1769 )   In order to assess the efect of organosilieon surfactant as a novel adjuvant for agrochemieal to aquatic organisms，the acute toxicity of four organosilicon surfactants“SUSHENYIHAO”，“High—Speed”，“JIEXIAOLI’’and“JIERUN”were studied by semi—static method using zebrafish(Brachydanio rerio)as test organism．Safety evaluation has also been conducted．The results showed that the LCso value of“SUSHENYIHAO”．“High—Speed”,“JIEXIAOLI’’and“JIERUN”to zebrafish in 96 h were 135．0，17．4，11．3 and 5．9 a．i．mg／L，respectively．The acute toxicity of“SUSHENYIHAO”， “High—Speed”and“JIEXIAOLI”were low toxicity．Th e acute toxicity of “JIERUN” was middle toxicity． Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of the ornamental fruit trees to lanndscaping of city in Zhejiang BAO Qin—xing;CHEN Chu—wen;* 2009, 21(4):  0-389.  Abstract ( 893 )   PDF (331KB) ( 1412 )   The resources of ornamental fruit trees in Zhejiang Province were organized，and 17 family，44 genus and 110 species which are suitable for the city envirorment were selected．Among which，there are l8 species of kernel fruits，37 species of stone fruits，9 species of nut fiafits，31 species of berry fruits，5 species of hesperidium fruits，5 species of compound fruits and 10 kinds of other species．Moreover，the application of green space types and configuration forms for the main tree species were analyzed． Related Articles | Metrics

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Rapid propagation in vitro of jasmine SUN Yan-ni;TANG Fang-ping;FANG Wei-min;*;TAN Guo—hua 2009, 21(4):  0-394.  Abstract ( 1299 )   PDF (317KB) ( 1589 )   The effects of different concentrations of 6-BA and IBA on induction of bud germination，and proliferation of jasmine at diferent temperatures were studied．Moreover, effects of different concentrations of NAA and rooting culture modes on rooting were investigated．Results showed that the highest bud induction rate of 96．75％ was obtained in the WPM medium supplemented with 2．0 mg／L 6-BA and 0．1 mg／L IBA．The best proliferation with a shoot proliferation coefficient of 5．31 was observed in the WPM medium supplemented with 1．0 mg／L 6-BA and 0．2mg／L IBA at 35℃. The optimal rooting culture mode was two-step rooting method ，i．e．，pre—culturing shoots on the rooting medium of 1／2 WPM +NAA 1．0 mg／L for 7 days, then transferring pre-cultured shoots to 1／2WPM without supplement of any plant growth regulators．The rooting rate was up to 98．41％． Related Articles | Metrics

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Efect of chitosan complex film on the quamy of fresh-cut plum and its formula seleclion ZHU Mei—yun;LI Mei;ZHU Shi—ming 2009, 21(4):  0-378.  Abstract ( 971 )   PDF (242KB) ( 1497 )   The fresh-cut plum was used as material and treated with the chitosan complex film containing certain concentration of chitosan combined with vitamin C，sodium carboxymethyl cellulose(CMC—Na)and sodium alginate．The effects of different chitosan complex film formulas selected through orthogonal experiment of L9(34)on the respiratory intensity，soluble solid content，browning degree，weight-loss ratio，firmness，titratable acid，senescence index and ratio ofcommodity in the fresh-cut plum were studied．The results showed that the chitosan complex film could maintain the quality of fresh-cut fruit，and the optimal formula of chitosan complex film was 0．6％ chitosan，0．2％ CMC—Na and 0．4％ Vc． Related Articles | Metrics

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Determination of residues and metabolism of melamine in chicken using GC／MS YU Xiao—hua;SUN Ze—xiang;LU Yan;YANG Ting;FANG Wei-huan 2009, 21(4):  0-384.  Abstract ( 1691 )   PDF (331KB) ( 1482 )   A method for determination of melamine residues in chicken by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC／MS) was developed．The melamine Was extracted from chicken samples by employing 10 S／L trichioroaeetic acid solution，the cleaning procedure was performed by Cleanert PCX solid phase extraction cartridge．Th e extracts were warmed with water at 50 ℃ and blowed with nitrogen until it got near to dryness and then it was derivated ．Retention time and specific ions were used to identify melamine．The selective fragments were m／z 99，171，327，342，respectively．The calibration curve of melamine was linear(correlation coeficient：0．999)in the range of O．05—2．5 ms／L．The average recovery rates(at 0．05，0．10 and 0．50 mg／kg)were 84．71％ ，88．12％ ，92 ．62％ ，respectively；while the relative standard deviations (RSD)of the method were 10．57％ ，7．12％ ，6．92 ％ ，respectively；and the limit of detection(LOD)，defined in terms of 3 times baseline nosie Was 0．005 ms／kg．The developing method Was applied to study the metabolic behaviour and mechanism of melamine in chicken．Th e results indicated that the residual contents of melamine was increased gradually in chicken fed with higher dosage(1 000 mg／kg)，and the highest content ofmelamine Was 16．465 ms／kg．However，the content of melamine in chicken was reduced immediately after feeding withdrawal． Related Articles | Metrics

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Determination of lli te in meat products by Griess photometric method SUN Peng;ZHENG Li-na;SUN Xian—feng 2009, 21(4):  0-402.  Abstract ( 1307 )   PDF (211KB) ( 1816 )   The most suitable color intensity and reaction condition ofthe Griess photometric method were discussed．The resuits indicated that the concentration of NaN02 should be in the range of 0～1．0 μg/mL accord with Beer’S law，and the linear regressive equation is A = 0．7335p+0．0017，with the correlation coefficient of R =0．9976，the relative standard deviation of < 1．7％, and the recovery rate of 96％ 一103．4％． Related Articles | Metrics

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Characteristics and model of microwave drying sweet potato JIANG Yu-ping;WANG Jun;* 2009, 21(4):  0-410.  Abstract ( 998 )   PDF (235KB) ( 1583 )   In this paper，the characteristics of microwave acing sweet potato were studied．The single-factor experiments were designed to study the effects of different loading quantity，power and thickness of the slice on water content rate，dehydration rate inacing sweet potato．The laws of dehydrating and power consumption were obtained．The mathematical model of microwave drying sweet potato slice was obtained ．The experimental results were analyzed by the DPS software，showing the fitting equation with good statistical test results． Related Articles | Metrics

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Rice dynamic image detection based on background subtraction LIU Ying—ying;DING Wei—min *;SHEN Ming—xia 2009, 21(4):  0-406.  Abstract ( 1759 )   PDF (244KB) ( 1834 )   According to the morphological characteristics of rice，computer vision system was designed to capture rice dynamic image．In order to extract the image features ofthe rice in the moving state．the background substraction method was used to segment the current frame image and the background image．The color and morphological features were extracted from rice dynamic images．Using multi—structure neural network，the rice was graded into four classes：sound normal kernels，sound chalky kernels，cracked kernels and yellow kernels．Th e respective recognition accuracy of each classification was 95．2％ ，89．6％ ，97．3％ and 90．5％．The recognition results were satisfying and this method developed a reference for detecting rice image on line． Related Articles | Metrics

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Study progress on mechanisms of aluminum toxicity and resistance in plants MENG Ci—fu;JIANG Pei-kun;*;CAO Zhi-hong;XU Qiu—fang;ZHOU Guo-mo 2009, 21(4):  0-416.  Abstract ( 1226 )   PDF (449KB) ( 1707 )   Aluminum toxicity is the most important factor for limiting cmp growth in acid soils and one of important reasons of forest degeneration．This paper reviews symptoms an d positions of aluminum toxicity of plants，the mechanisms of aluminum toxicity and resistance of plants，identification of aluminum-resistance plants；selection and breeding of aluminum-resistance plants． Related Articles | Metrics

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Embryo clone by rabbit embry onic stem cells nuclear transfer ZHU Zhi-wei;WU Xin-rnin;JIN Shui-xian;CHEN Xiao-yu;CHENG Ju-fen;XU Hai-feng 2009, 21(4):  0-331.  Abstract ( 1878 )   PDF (328KB) ( 1413 )   Diferent enulaeationmethods，pretreatment ofrabbit donor embryonic stem cells andthe diferentfieldintensities of electric fusion in the process of nuclear transfer were studied and compared．The results showed that the enueleation rate of ooeytes by the method of extrusion was 85.71％ ．a little better than the method of absorb-infusion．When the electric field intensity Was 1.6 or 1.8 kV／cm，the cleavage rate and the morula／blastocyst rate were higher than other treatments，reaching 33．3％ and 16．67％ ，respectively．Moreover，the rate of mom[a and blastocyst increased when PVA was added to the operation medium．No pregnancy Was observed when 11 reconstructed embryos and 5 reconstructed blastocysts were transferred into the receptor rabbit. Related Articles | Metrics

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Efect of Chinese llerb feed additives on semen quality and the breeding eggs ofbreeder cocks before an d after freezing TAN Qian—hong;ZHANG Zhao-wang 2009, 21(4):  0-338.  Abstract ( 887 )   PDF (256KB) ( 1420 )   With consistent weight，60 forty-week-old breeder cocks were randomly divided into two groups including 30 cocks respectively，named A and B．Group A was treatment group，fed with basic diets supplemented with 1．5％ Chinese herb feed additives，while Group B was the control group，only fed with basic diets to study efect of Chinese herb fed additives on semen quality and the breeding eggs of breeder cocks before and after freezing ．The results showed that Chinese herbfedadditives could obvioaslyimprovetheselTlen volume．the sperm concentrationandthe sperm abnormal ratebefore freezing (P <O．05)；and also obviously improve sperm motility and the sperm abnormal rate after freezing (P <0．05)．Compared to Group B before freezing，the fertilization rate and healthy chick rate of Group A Was enhanced by 9．1％ ，and 3．7％ ，mpectively．Compared to Group B after freezing，the fertilization rate and healthy chick rate of Group A was enhanced by 11．9％ and 5％．Therefore，it can be concluded that Chinese herbfeed additives could improve the semen quality of breeder cocks，then enhanee the fertilization rate of breeding eggs and healthy chick rate． Related Articles | Metrics

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Efects of acute heat stress on expressional patterns of the heat shock protein 7O in the duck internal organs ZOU Li—li;TAO Zheng-rong;SHEN Jun-da;REN Jin—dong;SHI Fang-xiong;*;LU Li-zhi;* 2009, 21(4):  0-334.  Abstract ( 1316 )   PDF (189KB) ( 1303 )   Twenty laying ducks were expo~ under acute heat stress during the peak period of egg-laying，and the expressional patterns of heat shock protein 70(HSP70)in the intemal organs ofthese ducks were examined using RT—PCR and western-blot．The Iesult indicated that the mRNA and protein levels ofHSP70 in heart．1iver and ovary were not changed after acute heat stres，while the mRNA levels of HSP70 were reduced in the kidney and the mRNA and protein levels of HSPT0 in the spleen were transitorily decreased but recovered after 7 h of acute heat stress．In conclusion，the expression of HSPT0 in the internal organs of laying ducks showed specific responses under acute heat stress． Related Articles | Metrics

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The stability analysis for grain yield，grain protein yield and grain protein content in winter wheat ZHENG Bing-song;*;HUANG You—jun;LE GOUIS Jacques;BRANCOURT-HULMEL Maryse 2009, 21(4):  0-344.  Abstract ( 1540 )   PDF (373KB) ( 1281 )   Abstract：Genotype x environment interaction(GEI)is important in genotype selection and complicates varietal recommendation．Our objective was to compare methods that were selected for lrigh n yield(GY)， n protein yield(GPY)and n protein content(GPC)and stability including gang’s FaBK-suln method(Index 1：equal weights for n yield or quality and shukla’s(1972) stability variance δ2)and five additional rank—sum indices，a stability-variance statistic(s2) and regression coeficient(b)，and to study rank correlations among them and their relationship with GY，GPY and GPC in winter wheat．All statistics were calculated with 27 wheat genotypes grown in 27 environments in France．δ2 and s2 and b statistics would be useful tools for selecting both three grain traits and stability simultaneously．Index1 is slightly more conservative than s2 for GPY．Index 2 selected higher GY and GPC genotypes than did Index 1 and s2．Index 3，Index 4，Index 5 and Index 6 favored selection primarily for GY, GPY and GPC．All the stability statistics were identically well rank correlated with GY，GPY and GPC．The s2 and b statistics were slightly rank-correlated with each other in three grain traits except GY while the high rank-correlation between δ2 and s2 statistics for all three grain traits was detected．The stability statistics between low-yield and high-yield environments were weakly repeatable．Repeatability of the stability statistics was also negligible between statistics estimated in the two years．However．repeatability of all statistics was generally strong between statistics estimated from four randomly chosen subsets of environments． Related Articles | Metrics

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Variation characteristics of nutrient status of four soil genus in Zhejiang Province BIAN Wu—ying;DONG Yue—yong;ZHOU Jiang—ming 2009, 21(4):  0-357.  Abstract ( 1425 )   PDF (245KB) ( 1555 )   The changes of soil nutrition status in Zhejiang province were studied through the investigation of field capacity of four diferent type soils(blue clayey paddy soil，silt-clayey yellow mottled paddy soil on fluvimarine deposit，paddy field on redeposit of red soil and diluvial gitty loamy paddy soil)in 2008，combined with the soil nutrition census data acquired from the Second National Soil Survey．The results showed that soil pH decreased obviously，which was in need of adjustment．The level of soil organic matter was higher without significant changes．The content of available-P markedly increased，and there were great diferences among diferent soil types．The content of available-K increased significantly as well，but the K-deficiency Was still very common in farmlands． Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of diferent fertilization methods on quality of Chinese bayberry fruit(Myrica Rubra Sieb．＆ Zucc．) GUO Xiu-zhu;Qiu Ying-ying;HUANG Pin—hu;WANG Kang-qiang;ZENG Ai-ping;QI Xing-Jiang;* 2009, 21(4):  0-361.  Abstract ( 975 )   PDF (231KB) ( 1496 )   The efects of diferent fertilization methods on quality of Chinese bayberry(Dongkui) fruit were studied．The results showed that foliar spraying of Messenger could improve the fruit quality，especially at the concentration of 45 mg／kg．The contents of reducing sugar，total sugar and soluble solids were increased by 36．6％ ，7．3％ and 19．7％ ，compared with the control. Meanwhile，the application ofthe special fertilizer for Chinese bayberry could increase the content of soil organic matter andsoil nutrition，as well as increase the hundred leave weight and the chlorophyll content，significantly promote the quality of Chinese bayberry．The application of 8 kg per tree in twice could increase the contents oftotal sugar，reducing sugar and soluble solids by 15．3％ ．25 ．3％ and 15．0％ compared with the control． Related Articles | Metrics

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Studies on protoplast formation and regeneration of Riemerella anatipestifer strain WANG Chun-ping;WEI Qiang;CUI Yan-shun;*;BAO Guo-lian;*;LIU Yan;SHAO Ze-Xiang; 2009, 21(4):  0-315.  Abstract ( 887 )   PDF (331KB) ( 1408 )   Using Riemerella anatipestifer TXRA1(Chl r，Ery s)strain with drug resistance label as the parental strain，protoplasts were pfe with lysozyme and EDTA at the presence of DNase I，then the protoplasts were regenerated on hypertonic medium．Conditions of protoplast formation and regeneration were optimized．indicating that the optimum Riemerella anatipestifer TXRA1(Chl r，Ery s)added with 0．1 g／L lysozyme and reacted for 20 min and then EDTA Was added slowly to a final concentration of O．O1 mol/L and reacted for another 45 min, in which the protoplast formation rate was92％ and the regeneration rate was 38．77％ ． Related Articles | Metrics

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Isolation and sequence analysis of chalcone synthase gene BnCHS from Brassica albograbra JIANG Ming;MIAO Li-xiang;HU Qi-zan;HE Cai-ming;CHEN Zhen 2009, 21(4):  0-326.  Abstract ( 1157 )   PDF (386KB) ( 1480 )   Chalcone synthase gene is a key gene in flavonoid biosynthetic pathway and plays important roles in plant development and stress response．Full length primer pairs were designed according to known chalcone synthase gene sequence．The gene，designated BACHS，was isolated successfidly from leaf genomic DNA and flower bud cDNA of Chinese kale (Brassica albograbra)，respectively．Genomie DNA of BACHS gene is 1 263 bp in length with one intro of 75 bp．Complete coding sequence of BACHS is 1 188 bp in length encoding 395 amino acids．Protein sequence comparison showed that BACHS shared high homology with those of crucifer plants and there were only few diferences in amino acid residues． Related Articles | Metrics

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Influence and countermeasure of climate changes on agricultural production inYangtze Delta ZHOU Shu-dong;ZHOU Wen-kui 2009, 21(4):  0-310.  Abstract ( 893 )   PDF (318KB) ( 1785 )   Under the background of global warming，the mean annual temperature in Yangtze Delta region in China continuously increased，meanwhile，the occurrence and intensity of extreme weather events increased as well．Based on the characteristics and tendency of climate change combined with related data and reports，effects of climate changes on the growth and development of agricultural crops，the distribution structure of cropping system，the occurrence of diseases and insect pests and the coastal fishery production in Yangtze Delta region in China were analysed and discussed．Furthermore，the corresponding countermeasures were proposed to cope with the influence of chmate change，such as adjusting the empping system，developing water saving agriculture，carrying out the ecological agriculture，improving the disaster prediction level and so on． Related Articles | Metrics

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Characteristic analysis on yield components of the mediuln indica rice from regional trials in China WANG Zhi-gang;WANG Lei;LIAO Xi—yuan* 2009, 21(4):  0-349.  Abstract ( 986 )   PDF (284KB) ( 1411 )   The yield and yield components of medium indica rice from regional trials in 7 main rice producing provinces (including Jiangsu，Zhejiang，Anhui，Sichuan，Hunan，Hubei and Jiangxi)were analyzed．The results showed that the direct contribution rate of grain number per panicle to yield was greater than that of productive panicle number per plant and 1000-grain weight，indicating the key point to improve rice yield was to promote the number of grains per panicle as far as possible．In field production，the seedling density should be increased to ensure the number of productive panicles per plant and then to promote the number of grains per panicle． Related Articles | Metrics

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Fruit storage characteristics of various infinite-growth tomato cultivars DONG A—na;WANG Bing-iang;*;ZHENG Ji—rong;WANG Xiao-yan 2009, 21(4):  0-353.  Abstract ( 974 )   PDF (266KB) ( 1520 )   Three infinite-growth tomato cuhivars(FA 189，Hangza 1 and Shanghai 919)were used to study the fruit storage ability and the changes of the contents of soluble solid，reduced sugar，sucrose and titratable acid in tomato fruit during storage time at room temperature．It was found that the fruit storage tolerance varied greatly among the three cultivars．Among which，the storage tolerance of FA 189 Was the highest and the storage tolerance of Shanghai 919 was the lowest．The changes offruit firmness showed a simi~ tendency to fruit storage ability．During the fi'uit storage period，the contents of soluble solid，reduced sugar，sucrose and titratable acid markedly decreased．The contents of soluble solid and reduced sugar in Hangza 1 were higher than the other two euhivars，while the titratable acid content Was lower than that of FA189 and Shanghai 919． Related Articles | Metrics