水稻耐高温遗传基础和调控机制的研究进展

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20250187

浙江农业学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (11): 2426-2440.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20250187

水稻耐高温遗传基础和调控机制的研究进展

李新欣¹^,²(), 徐恒², 宋涛², 袁熹¹, 孙梅好¹, 朱英², 张华²^,^*()

1.浙江师范大学生命科学学院,浙江金华 321004
2.浙江省农业科学院病毒学与生物技术研究所,农产品质量安全全国重点实验室,浙江省作物分子育种工程技术研究中心,浙江杭州 310021

收稿日期:2025-03-12 出版日期:2025-11-25 发布日期:2025-12-08
作者简介:李新欣(1999—),女,河南开封人,硕士研究生,主要从事水稻耐高温基因的克隆和功能研究。E-mail:3330867235@qq.com
通讯作者: ^*张华,E-mail:zhanghua2011@whu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFD1200901)

Progress of genetic basis and regulatory mechanism of high temperature tolerance in rice

LI Xinxin¹^,²(), XU Heng², SONG Tao², YUAN Xi¹, SUN Meihao¹, ZHU Ying², ZHANG Hua²^,^*()

1. College of Life Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, Zhejiang, China
2. State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Research Center for Crop Molecular Breeding at Zhejiang Province, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China

Received:2025-03-12 Online:2025-11-25 Published:2025-12-08

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

全球气候变化背景下高温胁迫频发,严重威胁水稻生产安全和粮食安全。培育耐高温水稻品种是应对该挑战的关键策略。文章系统综述了与水稻耐高温性状相关的数量性状基因座(QTL)和关键基因,解析了其调控机制,旨在深入了解水稻耐高温的遗传基础与分子机理。基于当前研究进展,作者对未来研究方向作了展望:1)深入解析水稻耐高温复杂调控网络;2)系统评估不同耐高温基因在不同遗传背景下的效应,为分子育种提供精准指导;3)建立科学、全面的耐高温水稻品种评价体系。

关键词: 水稻, 高温, 数量性状基因座(QTL)定位, 基因功能, 调控机制

Abstract:

Against the backdrop of global climate change, the frequent occurrence of high-temperature stress poses severe threat to rice production security and global food safety. Developing thermotolerant rice varieties represents a key strategy to address this challenge. This review systematically summarizes quantitative trait loci (QTL) and key genes associated with thermotolerance traits in rice, and provides an in-depth analysis of their regulatory mechanisms, to elucidate the genetic basis and molecular mechanisms underlying thermotolerance in rice. Based on the current research progress, this review outlines future research directions: 1) Conducting comprehensive analysis of the complex thermotolerance regulatory network in rice; 2) Systematically evaluating the effects of different thermotolerance genes in diverse genetic backgrounds to provide precise guidance for molecular breeding; 3) Establishing a scientific and comprehensive evaluation system for thermotolerant rice varieties.

Key words: rice, high temperature, quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping, gene function, regulation mechanism

中图分类号:

S511

李新欣, 徐恒, 宋涛, 袁熹, 孙梅好, 朱英, 张华. 水稻耐高温遗传基础和调控机制的研究进展[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2025, 37(11): 2426-2440.

LI Xinxin, XU Heng, SONG Tao, YUAN Xi, SUN Meihao, ZHU Ying, ZHANG Hua. Progress of genetic basis and regulatory mechanism of high temperature tolerance in rice[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2025, 37(11): 2426-2440.

图/表 2

表1 近年来发现的与水稻耐高温相关的数量性状基因座(QTL)

Table 1 Quantitative trait locus(QTL) for heat tolerance in rice identified in recent years

亲本 Parents	遗传材料 Genetic material	QTL	所在染色体 Chromosome	所处位置 Marker/location	农艺性状 Agronomic trait	参考文献 Reference
IR64/N22	BC₅F₂	qHTSF4.1	4	M85-M83	小穗育性Spikelet fertility	[9]
IR64/Giza178,	F₂	qHTSF1.2	1	103.5-109.0 cM	小穗育性	[10]
Milyang23/Giza178		qHTSF2.1	2	4.8-19.8 cM	Spikelet fertility
		qHTSF2.2	2	43.0-63.0 cM
		qHTSF3.1	3	1.5-17.5 cM
		qHTSF4.1	4	66.0-73.0 cM
		qHTSF6.1	6	27.5-31.5 cM
		qHTSF11.2	11	25.3-42.3 cM
		qHTSF11.3	11	11.6-14.6 cM
IR64/N22	RIL	qSTIPSS9.1	9	SNP12393-12417	小穗育性Spikelet fertility	[8]
		qSTIPSS12.1	12	SNP14876-14892
		qSTIY3.1	3	SNP5308-5336	产量Yield
		qSTIY5.1	5	SNP8377-8401
Chikushi52/	BC₄F_3:4	qWB1	1	RM10870-RM7075	稻米垩白	[18]
Tsukushiroman		qWB3	3	RM3372-RM2791	White-back grains ratio
		qWB8	8	RM3181-RM3689
		qBW2	2	RM5470	稻米垩白Basal-white-grains
		qBW3	3	RM3372-RM2791
		qBW6	6	RM20429-RM6395
		qBW12	12	RM1986
		qGW2	2	RM5470-SNP2_1	粒重Grian weight
		qGW3	3	RM3372-RM2326
		qGW8	8	RM5556-RM3689
		qGW10	10	RM3373-RM1374
		qDTH3	3	RM3372-RM2326	抽穗期Days to heading
		qDTH12	12	SNP12_1-RM1986
Chikushi 52/	RIL	qMW2	2	RM5470	稻米垩白	[19]
Tsukushiroman		qMW4.1	4	RM16424	Milky white rice grains
		qMW4.2	4	RM6906
		qMW9	9	DdeI19
Sasanishiki/Habataki	CSSL	qSF^ht2	2	RM1234-RM3850	小穗育性Spikelet fertility	[11]
		qSF^ht4.2	4	RM3916-RM2431
		qPS $L h t$ 1	1	RM1196-RM6581	花粉发育
		qPSL^ht4.1	4	RM7585-Bb38P21a	Pollen shedding level
		qPSL^ht5	5	RM1248-RM4915
		qPSL^ht7	7	RM6394-RM1364
		qPSL^ht10.2	10	RM7492-RM1859
		qDFT3	3	RM3766-RM3513	开花时间Daily flowering time
		qDFT8	8	RM5891-RM4997
		qDFT10.1	10	RM6737-RM6673
		qDFT11	11	RM1355-RM2191
Sasanishiki/Habataki	CSSL	qHTB1	1	RM1387-RM8137	小穗育性Spikelet fertility	[12]
		qHTB3-1	3	RM4108
		qHTB3-2	3	RM5748-RM5864
		qHTB3-3	3	RM3525-RM6970
		qHTB4-1	4	RM7585-RM5633
		qHTB4-2	4	RM3534-RM2431
		qHTB5-1	5	RM1248-RM5579
		qHTB5-2	5	RM3236
		qHTB6	6	RM5963-RM3330
		qHTB10-1	10	RM3882-RM4455
		qHTB10-2	10	RM3773-RM6673
		qHTB11	11	RM286-RM7283
Hanaechizen/Niigatawase	RIL	qWB3	3	RM4383	稻米垩白White-back kernels	[20]
		qWB4	4	RM3288
		qWB6	6	RM8125
		qWB9	9	RM2482
		qKW3-1	3	RM7365	粒重Grian weight
		qKW3-1	3	RM3513
		qKW6	6	RM5314
		qKW7	7	RM505
		qKW10	10	RM2371
		qDH1	1	RM151	抽穗期Days to heading
		qDH3	3	RM5172
		qDH6	6	RM1369
R53/HHT4	BC₅F_3:4	qHTB1-1	1	RM11629-RM128	小穗育性Spikelet fertility	[13]
M9962/Sinlek	F₂	qSF1	1	34 280 000-34 420 000	小穗育性Spikelet fertility	[14]
		qSF2	2	18 730 000-19 100 000
		qSF3.1	3	26 120 000-26 220 000
		qSF3.2	3	28 730 000-28 960 000
Cheongcheong/Nagdong	DH	qSf3	3	RM15749-RM15689	结实率Spikelet fertility	[15]
		qSf4	4	RM1205-RM3330
		qSf8	8	RM23178-RM23191
		qTgw7	7	RM248-RM1134	千粒重1 000 grain weight
		qTgw8	8	RM149-RM23191
9311/ IRGC102309	BC₆F_3:4	qHTCGR5	5	RM1200-RM5796	稻米垩白Chalky grain rate	[23]
996/4628	RIL	qHTCGR1.1	1	RM297-RM6648	稻米垩白Chalky grain rate	[24]
		qHTCGR1.2	1	RM6648-RM6387
		qHTCGR3	3	SFP3_1-RM231
		qHTCGR6.1	6	RM3353-RM1369
		qHTCGR6.2	6	RM1369-RM190
		qHTCGR7.1	7	RM3859
		qHTCGR7.2	7	RM21327-RM21364
		qHTCGR7.3	7	RM21364-RM3859
Nipponbare/Kasalath	BIL	qHTAC6	6	R2689-R1962	直链淀粉含量	[22]
		qHTAC9-1	9	R1164-R1687	Amylose content
		qHTAC9-2	9	C506-G293
		qHTGC4	4	C1100-R1783	直链淀粉含量
		qHTGC6	6	L688-G200	Amylose content
		qHTGC7	7	C596-C213
		qHTGC8	8	G1073-R727
		qHTGC10	10	C1369-R1877
		qHTGC11	11	G257-R728
		qht-1	1	R1613-C970	粒重Grian weight	[21]
		qht-4	4	C1100-R1783
		qht-7	7	C1266-R1440
284 rice germplasms	水稻种质	qHTT1	1	Chr1_2646045	小穗育性Spikelet fertility	[16]
(189 indica and	Rice germplasms	qHTT3.1	3	Chr3_17441838
95 japonica)		qHTT3.2	3	Chr3_17758466
		qHTT4.1	4	Chr4_24524161
		qHTT4.2	4	Chr4_31476593
		qHTT5	5	Chr5_6246272
		qHTT7.1	7	Chr7_252305
189 indica rice materials		qHTT7.2	7	Chr7_24472878
		qHTT-X3.1	3	Chr3_18061266
		qHTT-X3.2	3	Chr3_20328744
		qHTT-X3.3	3	Chr3_21497502
		qHTT-X4	4	Chr4_31453877
		qHTT-X5	5	Chr5_6820123
		qHTT-X12	12	Chr12_15207279
173 rice materials	水稻种质	qSF5	5	Chr5_4668375	小穗育性Spikelet fertility	[17]
	Rice germplasms	qSF7	7	Chr7_28665880
		qRSF1	1	Chr1_19060745
		qRSF2	2	Chr2_23632215
		qRSF9.1	9	Chr9_9380313
		qRSF9.2	9	Chr9_22159984
		qRSF10	10	Chr10_14952621

表1 近年来发现的与水稻耐高温相关的数量性状基因座(QTL)

Table 1 Quantitative trait locus(QTL) for heat tolerance in rice identified in recent years

亲本 Parents	遗传材料 Genetic material	QTL	所在染色体 Chromosome	所处位置 Marker/location	农艺性状 Agronomic trait	参考文献 Reference
IR64/N22	BC₅F₂	qHTSF4.1	4	M85-M83	小穗育性Spikelet fertility	[9]
IR64/Giza178,	F₂	qHTSF1.2	1	103.5-109.0 cM	小穗育性	[10]
Milyang23/Giza178		qHTSF2.1	2	4.8-19.8 cM	Spikelet fertility
		qHTSF2.2	2	43.0-63.0 cM
		qHTSF3.1	3	1.5-17.5 cM
		qHTSF4.1	4	66.0-73.0 cM
		qHTSF6.1	6	27.5-31.5 cM
		qHTSF11.2	11	25.3-42.3 cM
		qHTSF11.3	11	11.6-14.6 cM
IR64/N22	RIL	qSTIPSS9.1	9	SNP12393-12417	小穗育性Spikelet fertility	[8]
		qSTIPSS12.1	12	SNP14876-14892
		qSTIY3.1	3	SNP5308-5336	产量Yield
		qSTIY5.1	5	SNP8377-8401
Chikushi52/	BC₄F_3:4	qWB1	1	RM10870-RM7075	稻米垩白	[18]
Tsukushiroman		qWB3	3	RM3372-RM2791	White-back grains ratio
		qWB8	8	RM3181-RM3689
		qBW2	2	RM5470	稻米垩白Basal-white-grains
		qBW3	3	RM3372-RM2791
		qBW6	6	RM20429-RM6395
		qBW12	12	RM1986
		qGW2	2	RM5470-SNP2_1	粒重Grian weight
		qGW3	3	RM3372-RM2326
		qGW8	8	RM5556-RM3689
		qGW10	10	RM3373-RM1374
		qDTH3	3	RM3372-RM2326	抽穗期Days to heading
		qDTH12	12	SNP12_1-RM1986
Chikushi 52/	RIL	qMW2	2	RM5470	稻米垩白	[19]
Tsukushiroman		qMW4.1	4	RM16424	Milky white rice grains
		qMW4.2	4	RM6906
		qMW9	9	DdeI19
Sasanishiki/Habataki	CSSL	qSF^ht2	2	RM1234-RM3850	小穗育性Spikelet fertility	[11]
		qSF^ht4.2	4	RM3916-RM2431
		qPS $L h t$ 1	1	RM1196-RM6581	花粉发育
		qPSL^ht4.1	4	RM7585-Bb38P21a	Pollen shedding level
		qPSL^ht5	5	RM1248-RM4915
		qPSL^ht7	7	RM6394-RM1364
		qPSL^ht10.2	10	RM7492-RM1859
		qDFT3	3	RM3766-RM3513	开花时间Daily flowering time
		qDFT8	8	RM5891-RM4997
		qDFT10.1	10	RM6737-RM6673
		qDFT11	11	RM1355-RM2191
Sasanishiki/Habataki	CSSL	qHTB1	1	RM1387-RM8137	小穗育性Spikelet fertility	[12]
		qHTB3-1	3	RM4108
		qHTB3-2	3	RM5748-RM5864
		qHTB3-3	3	RM3525-RM6970
		qHTB4-1	4	RM7585-RM5633
		qHTB4-2	4	RM3534-RM2431
		qHTB5-1	5	RM1248-RM5579
		qHTB5-2	5	RM3236
		qHTB6	6	RM5963-RM3330
		qHTB10-1	10	RM3882-RM4455
		qHTB10-2	10	RM3773-RM6673
		qHTB11	11	RM286-RM7283
Hanaechizen/Niigatawase	RIL	qWB3	3	RM4383	稻米垩白White-back kernels	[20]
		qWB4	4	RM3288
		qWB6	6	RM8125
		qWB9	9	RM2482
		qKW3-1	3	RM7365	粒重Grian weight
		qKW3-1	3	RM3513
		qKW6	6	RM5314
		qKW7	7	RM505
		qKW10	10	RM2371
		qDH1	1	RM151	抽穗期Days to heading
		qDH3	3	RM5172
		qDH6	6	RM1369
R53/HHT4	BC₅F_3:4	qHTB1-1	1	RM11629-RM128	小穗育性Spikelet fertility	[13]
M9962/Sinlek	F₂	qSF1	1	34 280 000-34 420 000	小穗育性Spikelet fertility	[14]
		qSF2	2	18 730 000-19 100 000
		qSF3.1	3	26 120 000-26 220 000
		qSF3.2	3	28 730 000-28 960 000
Cheongcheong/Nagdong	DH	qSf3	3	RM15749-RM15689	结实率Spikelet fertility	[15]
		qSf4	4	RM1205-RM3330
		qSf8	8	RM23178-RM23191
		qTgw7	7	RM248-RM1134	千粒重1 000 grain weight
		qTgw8	8	RM149-RM23191
9311/ IRGC102309	BC₆F_3:4	qHTCGR5	5	RM1200-RM5796	稻米垩白Chalky grain rate	[23]
996/4628	RIL	qHTCGR1.1	1	RM297-RM6648	稻米垩白Chalky grain rate	[24]
		qHTCGR1.2	1	RM6648-RM6387
		qHTCGR3	3	SFP3_1-RM231
		qHTCGR6.1	6	RM3353-RM1369
		qHTCGR6.2	6	RM1369-RM190
		qHTCGR7.1	7	RM3859
		qHTCGR7.2	7	RM21327-RM21364
		qHTCGR7.3	7	RM21364-RM3859
Nipponbare/Kasalath	BIL	qHTAC6	6	R2689-R1962	直链淀粉含量	[22]
		qHTAC9-1	9	R1164-R1687	Amylose content
		qHTAC9-2	9	C506-G293
		qHTGC4	4	C1100-R1783	直链淀粉含量
		qHTGC6	6	L688-G200	Amylose content
		qHTGC7	7	C596-C213
		qHTGC8	8	G1073-R727
		qHTGC10	10	C1369-R1877
		qHTGC11	11	G257-R728
		qht-1	1	R1613-C970	粒重Grian weight	[21]
		qht-4	4	C1100-R1783
		qht-7	7	C1266-R1440
284 rice germplasms	水稻种质	qHTT1	1	Chr1_2646045	小穗育性Spikelet fertility	[16]
(189 indica and	Rice germplasms	qHTT3.1	3	Chr3_17441838
95 japonica)		qHTT3.2	3	Chr3_17758466
		qHTT4.1	4	Chr4_24524161
		qHTT4.2	4	Chr4_31476593
		qHTT5	5	Chr5_6246272
		qHTT7.1	7	Chr7_252305
189 indica rice materials		qHTT7.2	7	Chr7_24472878
		qHTT-X3.1	3	Chr3_18061266
		qHTT-X3.2	3	Chr3_20328744
		qHTT-X3.3	3	Chr3_21497502
		qHTT-X4	4	Chr4_31453877
		qHTT-X5	5	Chr5_6820123
		qHTT-X12	12	Chr12_15207279
173 rice materials	水稻种质	qSF5	5	Chr5_4668375	小穗育性Spikelet fertility	[17]
	Rice germplasms	qSF7	7	Chr7_28665880
		qRSF1	1	Chr1_19060745
		qRSF2	2	Chr2_23632215
		qRSF9.1	9	Chr9_9380313
		qRSF9.2	9	Chr9_22159984
		qRSF10	10	Chr10_14952621

图1 水稻耐高温基因的调控机制

Fig.1 Regulatory mechanisms of essential heat resistant genes in rice

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水稻耐高温遗传基础和调控机制的研究进展

Progress of genetic basis and regulatory mechanism of high temperature tolerance in rice

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