紫云英和石灰配施对水稻镉吸收的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20230477

浙江农业学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (3): 600-612.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20230477

紫云英和石灰配施对水稻镉吸收的影响

董爱琴¹^,²(), 陈院华¹^,², 杨涛¹^,², 徐昌旭¹^,², 程丽群¹, 谢杰¹^,²^,^*()

1.江西省农业科学院土壤肥料与资源环境研究所,国家农业环境宜春观测实验站,国家红壤改良工程技术研究中心,江西南昌 330200
2.井冈山红壤研究所,江西吉安 343016

收稿日期:2023-04-12 出版日期:2024-03-25 发布日期:2024-04-09
作者简介:董爱琴(1983—),女,河南开封人,硕士,高级实验师,主要从事受污染耕地安全利用研究。E-mail:aiqin.dong@outlook.com
通讯作者: *谢杰,E-mail:jerous.xie@outlook.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(22166019);江西现代农业科研协同创新专项(JXXTCXBSJJ202014);江西省重点研发计划(20203BBFL63071)

Effect of application of lime with Chinese milk vetch on the cadmium uptake in rice

DONG Aiqin¹^,²(), CHEN Yuanhua¹^,², YANG Tao¹^,², XU Changxu¹^,², CHENG Liqun¹, XIE Jie¹^,²^,^*()

1. National Agricultural Experimental Station for Agricultural Environment, Yichun, National Engineering and Technology Research Center for Red Soil Improvement, Soil and Fertilizer & Resources and Environment Institute, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang 330200, China
2. Jinggangshan Institute of Red Soil, Ji’an 343016, Jiangxi, China

Received:2023-04-12 Online:2024-03-25 Published:2024-04-09

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

通过盆栽试验研究了单纯紫云英翻压(GM),以及紫云英与石灰共施(GM0HL)、紫云英+常量石灰晚施(GM5HL)、紫云英+减量石灰晚施(GM5LL)等处理对土壤性状、水稻根表铁膜及水稻对镉吸收转运的影响。结果表明,相较于对照(CK),翻压紫云英可显著(P<0.05)提高土壤有机质含量2.1~2.7 g·kg^-1。相较于GM处理,增施石灰后,土壤pH值显著提高0.38~0.78个pH单位,且土壤有效态Cd含量显著降低21.71%~41.28%。在紫云英快速腐解末期,增施了石灰的处理(GM0HL、GM5HL、GM5LL),土壤Eh显著高于GM处理。与CK相比,GM0HL、GM5HL、GM5LL处理在分蘖期的水稻根表铁膜Fe含量分别显著下降43.34%、38.82%和29.00%,根表铁膜Cd含量分别显著下降43.72%、35.56%和12.72%。主成分分析的结果显示,土壤pH值和有机质含量是影响水稻Cd吸收的关键因子,提高土壤pH值和有机质含量可以降低土壤Cd有效性,增加水稻根表铁膜厚度和根表铁膜Cd含量,从而抑制水稻对Cd的吸收。在试验条件下,紫云英翻压5 d后减量施用石灰,既可以达到较好的降Cd效果,又能在一定程度上减少Cd污染耕地的治理投入。

关键词: 水稻, 镉, 根表铁膜, 紫云英, 石灰

Abstract:

In the present study, a pot experiment was conducted to reveal the effects of application of Chinese milk vetch (GM), as well as the combination of Chinese milk vetch and lime (GM0HL), Chinese milk vetch and lime late application (GM5HL), Chinese milk vetch and reduced lime late application (GM5LL) on soil properties, root iron plaque and the uptake and transport of Cd in rice plants. The results showed that the soil organic matter content was significantly (P<0.05) increased by 2.1-2.7 g·kg^-1 after turning over of Chinese milk vetch than that of control (CK). Compared with the GM treatment, the soil pH was significantly increased by 0.38-0.78 pH units with application of lime, and the soil available Cd content was significantly decreased by 21.71%-41.28%. In the late stage of rapid decomposition of Chinese milk vetch, soil Eh of the treatments with lime (GM0HL, GM5HL, GM5LL) was significantly higher than that of GM. Compared with the CK treatment, the Fe content in root iron plaque of rice at the tillering stage was significantly reduced by 43.34%, 38.82% and 29.00% in GM0HL, GM5HL and GM5LL treatments, respectively, and the Cd content in root iron plaque was significantly decreased by 43.72%, 35.56% and 12.72%, respectively. The principal component analysis results showed that, soil pH and organic matter content were two key factors, which significantly affected the absorption of Cd by rice. Increasing of soil pH and organic matter content could reduce the availability of Cd in soil, increase the thickness of root iron plaque and the content of Cd in root iron plaque, thus inhibit Cd uptake by rice. In the experiment conditions, it could reduce Cd uptake and the cost in remediating Cd contaminated farmland by application of the reduced amount of lime 5 days after the overturning of Chinese milk vetch.

Key words: rice, cadmium, root iron plaque, Chinese milk vetch, lime

中图分类号:

S511.041

董爱琴, 陈院华, 杨涛, 徐昌旭, 程丽群, 谢杰. 紫云英和石灰配施对水稻镉吸收的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2024, 36(3): 600-612.

DONG Aiqin, CHEN Yuanhua, YANG Tao, XU Changxu, CHENG Liqun, XIE Jie. Effect of application of lime with Chinese milk vetch on the cadmium uptake in rice[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2024, 36(3): 600-612.

图/表 9

表1 不同处理的土壤pH值及有机质、有效态Cd含量

Table 1 Soil pH and contents of organic matter and available Cd

处理 Teatment	pH	OM/(g·kg^-1)	A-Cd/(mg·kg^-1)
CK	5.63±0.08 c	21.7±1.3 b	0.256±0.03 ab
GM	5.67±0.17 c	23.9±1.3 a	0.281±0.03 a
GM0HL	6.38±0.33 a	24.4±1.0 a	0.165±0.02 c
GM5HL	6.41±0.17 a	24.2±0.9 a	0.170±0.02 c
GM5LL	6.01±0.04 b	23.8±1.2 a	0.220±0.01 b

图1 不同处理的土壤氧化还原电位(Eh)变化

Fig.1 Dynamics of soil redox potential potential (Eh) under treatments

图2 不同生育期各处理水稻根系的根表铁膜铁、镉含量 DCB-Fe,根表铁膜铁含量;DCB-Cd,根表铁膜镉含量。同一生育期柱上无相同字母的表示处理间差异显著(P<0.05)。

Fig.2 Content of Fe and Cd in root iron plaque under treatments at different growth stages DCB-Fe, Fe content in root iron plaque; DCB-Cd, Cd content in root iron plaque. Bars marked without the same letters indicate significant difference within treatments at the same growth stage at P<0.05.

图3 分蘖期(A)和成熟期(B)各处理水稻不同部位的Cd含量同一部位柱上无相同字母的表示处理间差异显著(P<0.05)。

Fig.3 Cd contents in different parts of rice at tillering stage(A) and mature stage (B) under treatments Bars marked without the same letters indicate significant difference within treatments for the same part at P<0.05.

表2 分蘖期各处理的水稻Cd转运系数

Table 2 Cd translocation factor of rice at tillering stage under treatments

处理 Treatment	TF₁	TF₂
CK	21.54±2.16 cd	0.77±0.12 b
GM	18.93±0.79 d	0.98±0.11 a
GM0HL	34.20±0.59 a	0.74±0.05 b
GM5HL	28.87±0.56 b	0.64±0.03 b
GM5LL	23.73±3.08 c	0.76±0.03 b

表3 成熟期各处理的水稻Cd转运系数

Table 3 Cd translocation factor of rice at mature stage under treatments

处理 Treatment	TF₁	TF₂	TF₃
CK	86.33±5.70 b	0.32±0.03 a	0.17±0.01 a
GM	89.63±13.22 b	0.22±0.03 c	0.16±0.01 a
GM0HL	116.18±5.20 a	0.26±0.03 bc	0.11±0.02 b
GM5HL	93.44±5.47 b	0.28±0.01 b	0.09±0.01 c
GM5LL	88.24±10.07 b	0.24±0.02 bc	0.10±0.01 bc

表4 不同生育期根表铁膜与水稻不同部位Cd含量的相关性

Table 4 Correlation within root iron plaque and Cd content in different parts of rice at different growth stages

生育期 Growth stage	变量 Variable	DCB-Cd	R-Cd	S-Cd	B-Cd
分蘖期Tillering stage	DCB-Fe	0.912^**	0.430	0.811^**	—
	DCB-Cd		0.515^*	0.792^**	—
	R-Cd			0.329	—
	S-Cd				—
成熟期Mature stage	DCB-Fe	0.465	0.299	0.650^**	0.711^**
	DCB-Cd		0.829^**	0.361	0.367
	R-Cd			0.097	0.210
	S-Cd				0.543^*

表5 土壤性状与根表铁膜Fe及根表铁膜Cd含量的相关性

Table 5 Correlation within soil properties and root iron plaque and Cd content in iron plaque

变量	Eh	pH	OM	A-Cd	TDCB-Fe	MDCB-Fe	TDCB-Cd
Variable
pH	-0.524^*
OM	-0.694^**	0.350
A-Cd	0.376	-0.932^**	-0.245
TDCB-Fe	0.538^*	-0.867^**	-0.450	0.883^**
MDCB-Fe	0.457	-0.733^**	-0.517^*	0.673^**	0.799^**
TDCB-Cd	0.432	-0.859^**	-0.434	0.856^**	0.912^**	0.918^**
MDCB-Cd	-0.189	-0.498	-0.008	0.597^*	0.586^*	0.465	0.642^**

图4 主成分载荷矩阵图 PCA1,第一主成分;PCA2,第二主成分;Eh,土壤氧化还原电位;A-Cd,土壤有效态Cd含量;OM,土壤有机质含量;TDCB-Fe,分蘖期水稻根表铁膜Fe含量;MDCB-Fe,成熟期水稻根表铁膜Fe含量;TDCB-Cd,分蘖期水稻根表铁膜Cd含量;MDCB-Cd,成熟期水稻根表铁膜Cd含量。

Fig.4 Principal component loading matrix PCA1, The 1st principle component; PCA2, The 2nd principle component; Eh, Soil oxidation-reduction potential; A-Cd, Soil available Cd content; OM, Soil organic matter content; TDCB-Fe, Fe content in root iron plaque at the tillering stage; MDCB-Fe, Fe content in root iron plaque at the mature stage; TDCB-Cd, Cd content in root iron plaque at the tillering stage; MDCB-Cd, Cd content in root iron plaque at the mature stage.

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紫云英和石灰配施对水稻镉吸收的影响

Effect of application of lime with Chinese milk vetch on the cadmium uptake in rice

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